1. Engineering Design Process
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2. Add engineering to your index of key terms
What is Engineering?
Engineering deals with designing and building solutions to problems.
Engineering is essential to improving structures, machines, electronic devices, materials and systems important to society.
Scientists who use engineering to solve problems are called engineers.
Engineering is different from conducting an experiment.
The purpose of engineering is to solve a problem. The purpose of conducting an experiment is to answer a testable question.
Add engineering to your index of key terms

4. 1. DEFINE PROBLEM
5. OPTIMIZE
2. DEVELOP SOLUTIONS
THE ENGINEERING
DESIGN PROCESS
4. BUILD and TEST
3. PLAN
Engineers, scientists and inventors follow the engineering design process, when they create a solution to a problem.

6. Step 1: Define the Problem
Identify the problem- a difficulty or need that must be overcome or solved
There are 3 questions to ask when defining a problem:
What is the problem or need?
Who has the problem or need?
Why is it important to solve the problem?

7. Once you have answered these questions, you should write the problem as a statement.
[Who] needs [what] because [why].
This is a good time to question the design criteria and constraints (see back of tape in)
If a scientist or an engineer knows the design task’s criteria and constraints there is more chance that the design solution will be successful.

8. Design Criteria and Constraints
Who is it for? (Client)
What budget do you have?
How long do you have to make it?
What materials can you use?
What scientific principles need to be applied?

9. Imagine if a scientist was engineering a hover board
Imagine if a scientist was engineering a hover board. If they were unaware of the design criteria and constraints, they might make it out of the wrong materials; making it too expensive. Or they might not give it enough power, meaning it will not be able to lift the rider.
CRITERIA
Must lift someone that is over 200lb
Must cost less than $300 to produce
Must be made from light weight materials; plastic, wood, aluminum
This hover board does not even hover!

11. Right Now
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Late labs?

13. Step 2: Develop Solutions
Developing solutions is the process of researching and exploring multiple possible solutions.
You should research multiple ways to
solve the problem. You can work individually
or with a team.
Write down and draw every idea that
you have related to the problem
You need to research to see what
designs are already out there - you
don’t want to design something that
has already been created!
No idea is too silly

14. On the back of Step 2 tape in
Brainstorm any and all ideas

16. Step 3: Plan/Choose the best solution
Once you have come up with multiple ways to solve the problem, choose the best solution.
The best solution has the greatest chance of solving the problem
Consider the cost,
benefits, risks, and
feasibility when choosing
the best solution
Draw a preliminary
plan of what it will
look like
board
thrust

17. On the back of Step 3 tape in
Which idea has the best chance of solving the problem?

19. Add prototype to your index of key terms
Step 4: Build and Test
Follow your designs and drawing to create a prototype, or first model
Models do not have to be to scale, they might be a smaller version of the proposed solution
Once you have built the model, you can test it to see if it works
Add prototype to your index of key terms

20. BIOLOGYGUY ©
It is important that the engineer tests their model. They must then modify it based on the test results.
OK, Prototype #2 has the desired thrust
TEST #1
TEST #2
Prototype #1
Prototype #2

21. BIOLOGYGUY ©
They might follow a checklist or have a rubric which will help them determine how well they have met the design criteria and constraints of a problem.
CRITERIA CHECKLIST
Can it move on uneven surfaces?
Can it carry someone that is more than 300 lb?
YES/NO ✔ X

22. BIOLOGYGUY ©
Sometimes the engineer might have several design solutions, which have not met the criteria. However by combining the different designs they might create a new design that is better than all of its predecessors.
That is why you can never have too many models. They are important in finding the best design solution.
NO GOOD!

23. On the back of Step 4 tape in
Have we solved the problem?

25. Step 5: Optimize It is still missing something
BIOLOGYGUY ©
Step 5: Optimize
It is still missing something
After testing your prototype,
you should try to improve it so it
better solves the problem or is more
practical.
Ask yourself: Does it meet the
design criteria and design constraints?
If you are unsure, you need to see
how you can improve your model.
Steps 1-4 may need to be repeated
to improve your model.
Don’t be afraid to start from scratch! It’s ok to start over again!!
I think I am going to start over!

26. On the back of Step 5 tape in
Can we make it better?