1. Paleolithic and Neolithic Peoples
Early Humans
Paleolithic and Neolithic Peoples

2. How did Paleolithic people adapt to their environments?
Paleolithic people adapted to their environment and invented many tools to help them survive
Otzi “the Iceman” is an example

3. What tools or methods can we use to discover how Paleolithic people lived?
The time before writing is called prehistory or the stone ages because people used stone tools.
Think of our historical jobs vocab…
Historian, archaeologist, anthropologist

4. Who were the Hunter – Gatherers?
They were nomads who regularly moved from place to place in large groups to make the hunt for food easier (hunt animals, gathered fruits, berries etc.)
Women stayed at the campsite and gathered food and looked after the children
Men went far from camp and hunted. Invented tools such as spears, traps and bows and arrows and other technology.

6. Adapting to the Environment
Paleolithic people lived according to their climates: warm climates dictated less clothing/housing vs. colder climate
Fire was a life changing discovery for cooking, warmth, light and safety.

7. What were the Ice Ages?
Long periods of extreme cold from about 100,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE
People had to change their diets, use fur for clothing and build better shelters.

8. Language, Art and Religion
Spoken language made it easier for people to work together and pass on knowledge. Early people expressed themselves through art as well as through words.
They created art using paint made from rocks. They painted animal pictures on cave walls.
The paintings may have had religious meanings- please the gods, good luck on the hunt, teaching hunting techniques and telling hunting stories.

12. The Invention of Tools
Technology is the use of tools and methods to help humans perform tasks. For example; a bone shaped as a fishhook or a bone shaped as a needle to make nets.
Tools got better over time.
Flint is a hard stone that was often used to make axes, spears and arrow heads. Hence the TV cartoon the “Flintstones” about a “Modern Stone Age Family, from the town of Bedrock, they’re a page right out of history”.

14. Science and Inventions
Tools started out as crude flakes of flint.
Tools made work easier- hunting, gathering, making clothes and building shelter.
Over time people made specific tools such as food choppers, meat scrapers and spear points.

16. Early Humans
Neolithic People

17. The Neolithic Age
In the Neolithic age people started farming, building communities and producing goods and trading.

18. Domestication
People began to domesticate animals. This means to tame them for human use. Domesticated animals provided meat, cheese, milk, wool and they carried items.
The Neolithic Age or New Stone Age began about 8,000 BCE. Over time, farming replaced hunting and gathering as a way of life.

19. Why was farming important?
People could now stay in one place and have enough food to live. People built better houses. People had more time to specialize in making things like never before. This was known as specialization.
Farming began in many parts of the world at around the same time.

21. Comparing The Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages
The work of men changed from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic ages in several ways. Men went from hunting to herding, farming and protecting the village.
There were a few advances in toolmaking between the Paleolithic and Neolithic ages. Stone tools gave way to copper and bronze tools.

22. The Growth of Villages
Farmers lived close to the fields in simple mud brick houses that were built close together. Houses were decorated with wall paintings. People built houses of worship.
They farmed, hunted, raised sheep and goats, and ate fish and bird eggs.
Jericho is one of the oldest villages dating back to 8,000 BCE. Catal Huyuk, part of modern day Turkey was a big village from to 5700 BCE.

25. The Benefits of a Settled Life
A surplus of food gave people a chance to work on other things. So some people specialized in making other things for the villagers, like pottery, paintings, cloth, mats, and metal tools and weapons etc.