1. Human Systems

2. The Human Circulatory System

3. Human Circulation Double Loop
Systemic
Pulmonary
Transport of materials (oxygen, nutrients, hormones, waste) throughout body

4. Types of blood vessels Arteries (arterioles) Veins (venules)
Capillaries

5. Human Heart 4 chambers: Atrium (left and right)
Ventricles (left and right)

6. Blood flow through the heart
Blood flows from the body to the heart via the vena cava
Large veins connecting body to right atrium
Right atrium enters right ventricle via the right AV valve (atrioventricular)

7. Blood flow through the heart
Right ventricle pumps blood through pulmonary arteries and to the lungs (pulmonary circuit)
Lungs return blood (oxygenated) to left atrium via the pulmonary veins

8. Blood flow through the heart
Left atrium pumps blood into left ventricle via the left AV valve
Left ventricle pumps blood to body via the aorta

9. Heart Actions Systole Diastole Contraction
Depends on which part of the heart
Atrial systole
Ventricular systole
Diastole
Relaxation
Atrial diastole
Ventricular diastole

10. Regulation of Heart SA Node (pacemaker of heart) AV Node
Sinoatrial node
Near right atrium
AV Node
Atrioventricular node
Coordinate contraction of ventricles together AND after the atria
Bundle of His takes signal to ventricles

11. Regulation of the Heart

12. The Human Excretory System

13. Kidneys Major organ of excretion
Bean shaped organs along vertebrae near thoracic/lumbar spine
2 regions:
Cortex
Medulla

15. Blood Supply to Kidneys
Renal arteries
Blood enters kidneys to be filtered
Renal veins
Blood leaves kidneys to return to the heart, lungs

16. Kidneys and Excretion Excrete liquid waste through the ureters
Ureters empty into the urinary bladder
Kidneys produce urine
Urea – amino acid breakdown
Uric acid – nucleic acid breakdown

17. Nephron Functional unit of the kidney
Bowman’s capsule – enlarged, cup-like structure with blood vessels (glomerulus) – within the cortex
Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct

18. The Nephron

19. From the nephron…
Collecting duct (containing urine) dumps into ureters
Ureters to urinary bladder
Once bladder is full, will empty into exterior of body

20. Control of Kidney Function
Antidiuretic hormone