1. Temperature Regulation in Heterotherms and Homeotherms
First Response – Behavioral
Conduction and Anatomy – Big Ears
Counter Current circulation in Fish
Sexy Dolphins
Insect Flight Warm-up
Brown Fat and Hibernation
Fever
The Thermostat

11. Heat Exchangers in Dolphins
Maturation of sperm in mammals requires cooling below 37oC. In most mammals, the testes are held outside the body core to prevent overheating. Dolphins retain testes internally, but a specialized rete connects to the flukes to bring cooler blood to the area.
Heat Exchangers in Dolphins

15. Billfish – eye muscles are modified as heater tissue

16. Saves the metabolic cost of maintaining body temperature
Large mammals enter tupor or sleep, but their body temperature only falls a few decrees
Small mammals hibernate and reduce heart rate to 10% of normal. Reduced metabolism and Vitamin C protect cells.
Tupor, Sleeping and Hibernation

18. Human Temp Regulation
Normal body temperature is 37oC. Convulsions occur at 41oC and there is no survival above 43oC
The thermoneutral zone is from 25 to 30 oC, above and below that physiological mechanisms increase heat loss or gain.

21. Fever resets the hypothalamic thermostat
Fever resets the hypothalamic thermostat. Chemical messages themed endogenous pyrogens are released from macrophages in the presence of bacteria.
Endogenous pyrogens (mostly interleukins) act on thermoreceptros in the hypothalamus by stimulating a release of prostaglandins which alter the release of thermoreceptor firing. Aspirin lowers fever by inhibiting prostaglandins.