1. Read 10 Min

2. As the war grinded on , combatants looked beyond Europe for ways to end the stalemate.
Allies attempt to gain victory through the Gallipoli Campaign.
Wanted to take Constantinople to defeat the turks and establish a supply line to Russia.
Led to trench warfare again for both sides. Within 10 months the Allies gave up the campaign and began to evacuate. Suffered 250,000 casualties.
Allies turned to Asia and Africa. Japanese beat German outposts in China and captured their Pacific Island colonies. English/French seized 3 of 4 African possessions.
Many foreigners joined the war by force or volunteer
War Affects the World

3. America joins the fight
1917 war shifted to high seas. Germany declared unrestricted submarine warfare – they would not warn ships in water before sinking them. What’s the problem?
Had done it before in 1915 which sunk a neutral passenger ship and outraged the people/Pres. Woodrow Wilson
Lusitania, May Lusitania Sinking
TPS Were they justified in sinking the Lusitania? 1,198 people died.
Desperate for an advantage returned to the strategy. Hoping to starve Britain's naval blockade before the U.S. could mobilize, ignored Pres. Wilson’s warnings and sank three American ships.
Zimmerman note was the last straw. Intercepted a telegram from German Secretary Arthur Zimmerman asking Mexico to join the fight , in return they would help them get the land back they lost to U.S.
April 2, 1917 Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany.
America joins the fight

4. Zimmerman Note read

5. War Affects the Home Front
WWI soon became a total war – countries devoted all their resources to the war effort. In each country , the wartime government took control of the economy.
TPS Why did wartime governments take control of their countries’ economies?
Many countries turned to rationing – people could buy only small amounts of those items that were also needed for the war effort. From butter to shoe leather.
Gov’ts also used propaganda – one sided information designed to persuade, to keep up morale and support for the war.
Women were vital to war effort. Thousands replaced men in factories (changing people’s views of what women were capable of doing) and many war saw war firsthand as they work on the front lines.
War Affects the Home Front

6. Allies win the war With U.S. in war, tipped towards Allies’ favor.
Russia’s Czar forced out due to shortages of food/fuel from the war. The new gov’t pledged to fight the war, but within 8 months a revolution took place.
New Communist leader Vladimir Lenin seized power and signed truce with Germany.
Throwing all soldiers at western front Germans reached Marne for the second battle there.
This time they were weakened, short on supplies. Met with 350 tanks and 2 million more American troops. Central Powers began to crumble
Bulgarians/Ottoman Turks surrendered. Revolution in Austria-Hungaray. Germany soldiers mutinied and public turned on Kaiser. Kaiser Wilhem II stepped down and signed an armistice – agreement to stop fighting on Nov. 11.
Allies win the war

7. Impacts of the war About 8.5 million soldiers died 21 million wounded
Drained countries treasuries.
One account determined war cost $338 billion
Acres of farmland, homes, villages, towns destroyed
Anger/resentment prompted by treaty signed.

8. Partner Jigsaw 1 - The Allies Meet and Debate P. 858
7 Facts and all vocab
1 - The Allies Meet and Debate P. 858
2 – A troubled Treaty P. 859