1. Screening Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) MUAC<110mm

2. Community therapeutic care
Appetite test

3. Health interventions
Key health interventions that impact on nutritional status
Exclusive breastfeeding
Vitamin A supplementation
Integration of health and nutrition programmes, eg reproductive health, MCH
Preventing epidemics (diarrhoea, malaria, dysentery, measles, meningitis)
WASH
Avoiding overcrowding
Vector control
Essential health services
Improving nutritional status of population
Vaccination (measles and meningitis)

4. Infant and Young Child Feeding in Emergencies
Nina Berry/SCUK, Myanmar Cyclone Response, 2008

5. Times more likely to die
Protection by breastfeeding is greatest
for the youngest infants
WHO Collaborative Study Team. Effects of breastfeeding on infant and child mortality due to
infectious disease in less developed countries: a pooled analysis. The Lancet 2000;355:451-5
IFE 1/4
Times more likely to die
if not breastfed
Risk of death if breastfed is
equivalent to one.
Age in months

6. Risks of not breastfeeding
Infants 6 weeks – 6 months
10.5 times more likely to die if not breastfed.
Diarrhoea and ARTI
3 fold higher risk for hospitalisation for any cause.
Bahi R, et al. Bull of WHO 2005;83 (6):
(Multi-centre cohort study)
There are two ways you need to look at this – breastfeeding affords protection and there are real risks associated with not breastfeeding.
Why is artificial feeding dangerous? - formula itself, water to make it up, feeding method and not immunological benefits of b/feeding
Even in previously healthy populations child morbidity and crude mortality can increase by 20% in as little as 2 weeks in emergencies
Even in US study 2004 in non-emergency children who were never breastfed had a 21% greater risk of dying in the postneonatal period than those who were breastfed – breastfeeding could save 720 post neo-natal deaths in US each year. Chen A, Rogan WJ, Breastfeeding adn the risk of postneonatal death in the US. Pediatrics 113: , 2004.
Bangladesh risk of death from ARTI was 2.4 times greater for partially and not breastfed than for exclusively breastfed. Arifeen, Blanck, Atbeknab et al, Exclusive breastfeeding reduces acute respirator infection and diarrhea deaths among infants in Dhaka slums. Pediatrics 108:e67, 2001
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