1. Perfected by Henry Ford, the assembly line transformed the manufacturing of automobiles and other products, greatly reducing costs and allowing more Americans to purchase cars. (Library of Congress)

2. In the 1920s baseball recovered from the "Black Sox" scandal of 1919 as attendance soared in ballparks throughout the country. (Photodisc, Inc.)

3. Charles Lindbergh with his plane, the Spirit of St. Louis
Charles Lindbergh with his plane, the Spirit of St. Louis. His 1927 flight from New York to Paris instantly made him an American hero. (Library of Congress)

4. Clara Bow was the "quintessential F
Clara Bow was the "quintessential F. Scott Fitzgerald flapper" of the Roaring Twenties--she smoked, drank, danced, wore makeup and seductive clothes, and went to wild parties. This still came from one of her most popular silent films, Wings, an antiwar drama that won the first Academy Award for Best Picture in (Library of Congress)

5. Clarence Darrow's (at left) passionate devotion to freedom of thought led him to the courtroom pictured here in defense of John Thomas Scopes, a teacher accused of teaching the theory of evolution. (Library of Congress)

6. During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan reemerged and rapidly grew in popularity among many white Americans. This photograph shows the Klan on parade down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C.; the Capitol is in the background. (National Archives)

7. With the onset of Prohibition, illegal liquor became a very profitable business. Here, Detroit police are inspecting equipment found in a clandestine underground brewery. Despite police raids, illegal liquor continued to flow virtually unabated. (National Archives)

8. The Family Car, ca. 1911 (Photodisc, Inc.)

9. An era of prosperity, Republican power, and conflict
The Roaring 20’s
An era of prosperity,
Republican power,
and conflict

10. 1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the "Jazz Age"
in sum, a period of great change in American Society - modern America is born at this time
for first time the census reflected an urban society - people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard of living

11. Age of Prosperity Economic expansion Mass Production Assembly Line
Age of the Automobile
Ailing Agriculture…

12. an agri. depression in early 1920's contributed to this urban migration
U.S. farmers lost agri. markets in postwar Europe
at same time agri. efficiency increased so more food produced (more food = lower prices) and fewer labourers needed
so farming was no longer as prosperous, and bankers called in their loans (farms repossessed)
so American farmers enter the Depression in advance of the rest of society

13. Black Americans in this period continued to live in poverty
sharecropping kept them in de facto slavery
boll weevil wiped out the cotton crop
white landowners went bankrupt & forced blacks off their land

14. Blacks moved north to take advantage of booming wartime industry (= Great Migration) - Black ghettoes began to form, i.e. Harlem
within these ghettoes a distinct Black culture flourished
But both blacks and whites wanted cultural interchange restricted

15. Marcus Garvey (Jamaican born immigrant) established the Universal Negro Improvement Association
believed in Black pride
advocated racial segregation b/c of Black superiority
Garvey believed Blacks should return to Africa
he purchased a ship to start the Black Star line
attracted many investments: gov't charged him with w/fraud
he was found guilty and eventually deported to Jamaica, but his organization continued to exist

16. Republican Power President Harding Elected 1920 Legacy of Scandals
“Teapot Dome”
Died in office

17. President Coolidge “The business of America is business.”
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
No help for farmers
Foreign Policy

18. Consumer Economy

19. Culture of the Roaring 20’s
Radio
KDKA Pittsburgh
GE, Westinghouse,& RCA form NBC
Silent Movies
Charlie Chaplin
“Talkies”
The Jazz Singer
Starring Al Jolson
Mary Pickford
“America’s Sweetheart”

20. Celebrities Babe Ruth &Ty Cobb Charles Lindbergh
The Spirit of St. Louis
Jack Dempsey

21. The 20’s is The Jazz Age The Flappers Writers Musicians make up
cigarettes
short skirts
Writers
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Ernest Hemingway
Musicians
Louis Armstrong
Duke Ellington

22. 1920's also brought about great changes for women...
th Amendment gave them the federal vote
after 1920, social circumstances changed too as more women worked outside the home
and more women went to college and clamoured to join the professions
women didn't want to sacrifice wartime gains - amounted to a social revolt
characterized by the FLAPPER/ "new woman"
(bobbed hair, short dresses, smoked in public...)

23. A Society in Conflict Anti-immigrant Sacco-Vanzetti Trial
National Origins Act
Discrimination
Sacco-Vanzetti Trial
Italian immigrants
Unfair trial

24. fear of immigrants (from SE Europe) led to a sentiment known as the Red Scare (fear of comm. post-Bolshevik Rev.)

25. at this time, W. Wilson was gravely ill following a stroke
his Attorney General, A. Mitchell Palmer, wanted to take a shot at the presidency - he used fears of both immigrants and communism to his advantage
he had J. Edgar Hoover round up suspected radicals, many of which were deported (Palmer Raids)

26. The Ku Klux Klan In power Great increase Anti-black Anti-immigrant
Anti-Semitic
Anti-Catholic
Anti-women’s suffrage
Anti-bootleggers

27. High School Biology teacher
Scopes “Monkey” Trial
Evolution vs. Creationism
Science vs. Religion
Famous Lawyers
Dayton, Tennessee
John Scopes
High School Biology teacher

28. Prohibition Volstead Act untouchables Gangsters 18th Amendment
Al Capone

29. PROHIBITION - on manuf. and sale of alcohol
a difficult law to enforce... organized crime, speakeasies, bootleggers were on the rise
Al Capone virtually controlled Chicago in this period - capitalism at its zenith…
Prohibition finally ended in 1933 w/ the 21st Amendment
forced organized crime to pursue other interests…