2. IMPERIALISM:
SEEKING OVERSEAS TERRITORIES AND TRYING TO EXPAND ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND SOCIAL CONTROL OVER THEM

4. Why imperialize? Raw materials New markets Economic advantages
Political power worldwide
Feeling of cultural superiority and desire to spread own ideas
Keeping up with other superpowers

5. Why NOT imperialize? Costs money to defend colonies Could lead us
into wars
Native people
hate us
Goes against our Constitution

6. Josiah Strong: we need new places to expand—let’s look overseas!

7. Alfred T. Mahan: we need naval bases!

8. HAWAII Good soil Along trade routes
American sugar plantation owners help overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in 1893
Annexed by US in 1898; state in 1959

9. Spanish-American War, aka “the splendid little war,” 1898

10. Reasons for war with Spain

11. Sinking of the Maine

13. De Lome letter

14. Yellow journalism

15. Concentration camps set up by General Valeriano Weyler

16. Poetry of Jose Marti, from Cuba

17. Fighting in Philippines (Manila Bay) under Dewey

18. Fighting in Cuba (San Juan Hill) Roosevelt’s Rough Riders

19. Fighting also took place in Puerto Rico

20. When war ends: Spain loses badly Cuba gains independence from Spain
US acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines (for $20 million)

21. US RELATIONS WITH FIVE NATIONS

22. PHILIPPINES

23. KEY INFORMATION
Emilio Aguinaldo had led forces against Spain before US got involved, but US wants control once war is over
Anti-Imperialist League formed in US by those against annexation
Despite protests, annexed in 1899
Filipinos fight back for 3 brutal years, rebellion crushed
Some self-rule by 1916, independence in 1946

24. CUBA

25. KEY INFORMATION
Teller Amendment: we promise to help Cuba get independence from Spain
Platt Amendment: we refuse to leave unless Cuba agrees to our terms: we can intervene, set up naval bases, i. e Guantanamo Bay
Gained protectorate status
Increased trade in early 1900s
Today: Cuba is communist since 1959, we have embargo (no trade)

26. PUERTO RICO

27. KEY INFORMATION First ruled by US as a territory
Intervention in government, then gradual self-government by 1917
Became commonwealth in 1952
Puerto Ricans are US citizens, but still maintain some independence

28. CHINA

29. KEY INFORMATION
Spheres of influence in China had given control of different areas to European countries
US proposes Open Door policy where all nations have trade access
Chinese resent foreign interference
Boxer Rebellion as protest; fails
Today: most of our stuff is made in China!

30. PANAMA

31. KEY INFORMATION
France tries to build canal to cut time between oceans; fails
US tries to make deal for canal land with Colombia
Colombia wants more money
US helps Panama get independence from Colombia and makes deal with Panama
Dr. Gorgas—helps stop malaria from killing workers (mosquitoes, standing water)
Built
Today: control of canal returned to Panama in 2000

32. IMPERIALISM—GOOD OR BAD?