1. CABINET AND BUREAUCRACY
Group 3
-Mochammad Fajar Akbar
-Bacharudin W. Ashari Mokobombang
-Adinda Mardania
-Akbar Rumandung
-Patricia Kuntari
-Sisilia Mariestha
-Sarah Ervina
-Marina
-Naufal Fakhri Erlangga

2. Executive Power and Popular Sovereignty
Constitution
Parliamentary System
Head of the Majority Party
House of Representative
This may Influence:
Legislative
Judicative

3. The Designation of the Prime Minister
Diet Resolution
The Two Houses Designation
Runoff
LDP’s Reign

4. Formation of The Cabinet
Prime Minister forms the Cabinet
Article 2 of Cabinet Law: PM can appoint 20 Ministers
Article 68: Majority of Ministers must be Diet members
Article 66: All ministers, including PM, must be civilians
Certain customs dictation

5. Formation of The Cabinet
Distribution of power within the ruling party
Katayama Tetsu (Socialist PM, 1947): Failed
Ishibashi Tanzan (LDP PM, 1956): Succeed
Appoint the party’s top officers
Together with chairman of LDP Assembly of the House of Councilors assist PM in forming cabinet lineup
Three LDP officers chosen from each three largest factions.
Each faction chooses its candidates for cabinet post

6. Cabinet Responsibility
The concept of Cabinet’s
Collective Responsibility
Under the Meiji Constitution
Cabinet is responsible to the Diet
State ministers’ individual responsibility as advisers to the emperor
Under the present Constitution
Cabinet ministers have the right and obligation to report to the Diet on national and international affairs as well as to attend Diet sessions
Also, members of cabinet can be forced to resign by the House of Representatives
The Diet supersedes the Cabinet in many aspects:
-Enactment of laws
-Budget decisions-Treaties approval

7. Cabinet solidarity and the powers of prime minister
The role of prime minister in the cabinet
Prime Minister other’s power:
Represents the cabinet in submitting bills
Minister crucial countersigned
Prime Minister > Minister previlaged
The rights of Minister

8. Cabinet Authority Manage Foreign Affairs
Function:
Manage Foreign Affairs
Conclude treaties (with approval of the Diet)
Administer civil service
Prepare the budget and present it to the Diet
Administer the law : conduct affairs of state
Granting of general amnesty, special amnesty, commutation of punishment, reprieve and restoration of rights
Powers
Right to submit amendments to the Constitution
Expenditure of a reserve fund
Convocation of the House of Councillors in emergency situation
Convocation of extraordinary sessions of the Diet
Designation of the Chief Justice Supreme Court
Submission of final accounts and presentation of reports to the Diet and the people of on the state of national finances
Appointment of the justices of the Supreme Court and the judges of inferior courts
Advice &approval for all acts of the emperor in matters of state

9. Cabinet Meetings The agenda:
General business concerning important matters of national administration
Promulgation of laws or treaties
Bills to be submitted to the Diet
Cabinet orders
Personnel
Other matters

10. Cabinet Meetings Rules of the seating:
The prime minister sits between the chief cabinet secretary (left) and the minister of justice (right).
The heads of other state ministers follow on the left and right.
Other state ministers follow in like manner according to the alphabetical order of their names.
The director general of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau and two deputy chief cabinet secretaries sit at a separate table to the rear.

11. Cabinet Meetings The authorities
Prime minister can call extraordinary meetings as necessary
Cabinet Secretariat organizes and discusses the agenda in advance through meetings with the administrative vice-ministers of the various ministries and agencies

12. Cabinet Organization and Coordination (highest administrative body)
The Cabinet Secretariat – manage the general internal administrative affairs
The agenda of cabinet meetings:
Coordinates the activities and statements of the various ministries and agencies
Completes much of the groundwork involved in the implementation of major government policies
The Cabinet Legislation Bureau – providing an assistance relating to the preparation and passage of bills and other legislative matters

13. The Ministries and Agencies the head of each ministry is appointed by the prime minister
The primary organs, as of June 1988 are Prime Minister’s Office and 12 ministries:
Justice
Foreign Affairs
Finance
Education
Health and Welfare
Agriculture
Forestry and Fisheries
International Trade and Industry
Transport
Posts and Telecommunication
Labor
Construction
Home Affairs

14. Development of the bureaucracy
History of Japanese bureaucracy dates back to the Meiji era
In July a civil service examination was instituted
The government adopted the practice of according preferential treatment to graduates of imperial university=Tokyo University
In March 1889 the second cabinet of Yamada Aritomo issued new ordinances regarding the status and disciplining of public servants
The influence of those bureaucrats grew rapidly in the early part of the twentieth century, and in time the bureaucracy along with the military, and the clan-dominated Meiji oligarchy
The system for fostering, appointing, and compensating civil servants that developed in the Meiji and Taisho eras succeeded in filling the bureaucracy with highly talented diligent, and energetic personnel

15. The bureaucracy today Each ministry and each designated
Bureauracy
Private Company
Each ministry and each designated
external organ of the Prime Minister’s
Office is headed by a minister of state
Currently employs about 830,000
18,000 career bureaucrats are nucleus consists of a corps, who have passed the highly competitive Principal senior A-Class Entrance Examination
After retirement top-ranking bureaucrats regularly receive prestigious positions in public or private corporations in an arrangement termed amakudari