1. ACIDS, BASES,
& BUFFERS

2. In water, the concentration of H+ is equal to the concentration of OH-.
By definition, pure water is ______________________
A solution is ACIDIC if the _______________
A solution is BASIC if the ________________
[ H+] = [OH-] NEUTRAL
[ H+] > [OH-]
[ H+] < [OH-]

3. pH SCALE
[ H+]
pH is the concentration of ____ expressed as a logarithm. Every change in the pH scale of one unit is a change in ______ times the concentration of H+. 10
See p.3-6 Fluids & Electrolytes CD

4. See p.11 Fluids & Electrolytes CD

5. pH paper animation

6. ACIDS pH of 0 to 6.9 Contribute H+ ions into a solution
Turn litmus paper RED
Conduct ELECTRICITY
Produce H+ gas (with some metals)
Are CORROSIVE
See p.7-9 Fluids & Electrolytes CD

7. BASES pH of 7.1 to 14 Remove H+ ions from a solution
The hydroxide [OH-] group attaches to the hydrogen and water is formed.
Turns litmus paper BLUE
Conduct ELECTRICITY
Are Slippery
Are CAUSTIC
BASES
See p.10 Fluids & Electrolytes CD

9. acids release H+ ions into the solution
bases remove H+ ions from the solution
H2O H+ and OH-

10. Why is it Important to Maintain pH?
The pH of almost all living systems is between pH ________. Maintaining the proper pH then is vital living systems.
Living organisms maintain a proper pH balance by using the homeostatic control of buffers.
6 - 8
See p Fluids & Electrolytes CD