1. Sedimentary Rocks
Made from Sediments!!

2. AIM: What are the characteristics of sedimentary rocks?
Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and lithification of sediments

3. Sed Rocks There are 3 types of sedimentary rocks:
Clastic sedimentary rocks are formed from clay, sand, and gravel (fragments)
Crystalline sedimentary rocks are formed from mineral grains and crystals that precipitate out of solution by evaporation or chemical action
Bioclastic or Organic rocks are formed from the remains of plants and animals

4. Clastic Rocks
Clastic Rocks – the particles consist of weathered existing rocks.
Particle sizes vary

5. Clastic Sed Rocks
Large accumulations of clastic sediments exist where rivers meet still bodies of water

6. Clastic Sed Rocks
Clastic rocks are lithified by compaction and cementation
Compaction occurs when the weight of overlying sediments compresses the material and squishes out most of the water
Cementation occurs when dissolved minerals precipitate in the pores between the particles and glue them together. Ex: silica, calcite, hematite

7. Sed Rox
Clastic Rox

8. Crystalline Sed Rocks
Crystalline Rocks – the minerals dissolved in solution are precipitated from water by evaporation or chemical action.

9. Badwater Basin, Death Valley

10. Bioclastic Sed Rocks
Bioclastic or Organic rocks are formed from accumulations of remains of living things. YES, rocks made of dead stuff

11. Coal

12. Sed Rocks – Secondary Features
Secondary Sedimentary Features: see these in a rock and it’s probably sedimentary.
Stratification – the arrangement of sedimentary rock in visible layers that may separate easily

13. Sed Rocks Secondary Features
Fossils – the remains, impressions, or any other evidence of the existence of life preserved in the rock

14. Sed Rocks Secondary Structures
Ripple Marks – seen on the surface of a bed of sandstone formed from wave action on the sand sediment before lithification

15. Sed Rocks Secondary Structures
Mud Cracks – these develop when deposits of wet clay dry out and crack. Cracks often fill with different material