1. ? THUS FAR WE HAVE REVIEWED MATTER AS PURE SUBSTANCES.
NOW LETS DISCOVER MATTER AS MIXTURES
MATTER
PURE SUBSTANCE
ELEMENT
COMPOUND
Carbon (C)
H2O
MIXTURE ?

2. Classification Matter Has mass and takes up space Mixture
Variable Composition
Substance
Define composition
Compound
Two or more kinds of atoms
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed
Heterogeneous
Unevenly mixed
Element
One kind of atom

3. Solution Process A mixture is formed by two or more
elements or compounds that are physically
mixed together but not chemically joined.
example: salt and pepper
Mixture can be:
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed
Heterogeneous
Unevenly mixed

4. The two types of Mixtures :
Classifying mixtures
Mixture is formed by two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically joined.
example: salt and pepper
The two types of Mixtures :
1) HOMOGENEOUS
2) HETEROGENEOUS
Homogeneous
Evenly mixed
Heterogeneous
Unevenly mixed

5. The Two Types of Mixture
1. Solution is a homogeneous mixture in which
one substances is dissolved in another
substance. It consists of a solute and solvent.
Solute is the substance dissolved in the solution.
Solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved
When sugar, a solute and water a
solvent are mixed, a water sugar solution is formed.

6. The Two Types of Mixture (Cont.)
2. Suspension is a mixture of water with non-dissolve material
Example sand and water

7. Solute is the substance dissolved in the solution
Particles may be ions, atoms, or molecules
Solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved

8. Heterogeneous Mixture (Suspension) Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Mixtures Summary
Heterogeneous Mixture (Suspension)
Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
Not evenly mixed
Evenly mixed
Individual components retain their own properties
Properties of combined components are usually different than those of each component
Individual components can be easily seen
Individual components can not be easily seen
Can be easily separated
Not as easily separated
Ex.: salt & pepper mix, rocks, cereal, bag of assorted candy
Ex. salt-water solution, tea, kool-Aid drink

9. Solubility Solubility is the amount of a substance that
can dissolve in 100 grams of
solvent at a given time.
The ability of a solvent to dissolve a solute depends on temperature and molecular structure.
Like dissolve like:
When the temperature of a liquid increases, The solubility of the solvent increases.

10. Classifying Matter Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Tea, kool-aid He, O
Review: How matter is classified
Matter
Pure Substances
Mixtures
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
Elements
Compounds
Rocky Road ice cream, muddy water
Tea, kool-aid
He, O
H2O, NaCl 10

11. Practice Problems Tossed salad Salt water Kool-aid Muddy water
Determine whether each is a heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture:
Tossed salad
Salt water
Kool-aid
Muddy water
OJ with pulp
6. Tea
7. Banana nut bread
8. Pizza
9. Blood
10. Brass
Answers:
1. He 2. Ho 3. Ho 4. He 5. He 6. Ho 7. He 8. He 9. He 10. Ho
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12. More review
Classify the following substances as: Pure substance, heterogeneous mixture, or homogeneous mixture
Gatorade
Homogenous mixture
Fruit Loops
Heterogeneous mixture
Pure substance
Gasoline
Dirt
Sugar Crystals
Pure Substance
Air
Homogeneous mixture
Granite
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13. REVIEW
We are studying CHEMISTRY, the study of ________and how it ________.
Matter is anything that has___ and takes up ___.
___ are the basic building blocks of matter.
Matter can be classified as either a ___ or a ___.
Substances are either ___ or ___.
Answers:
1. matter, changes 2. mass, space 3. atoms 4. pure substance, mixture 5. elements, compounds
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14. MATTER AS MIXTURES
Mixtures are combinations of 2 or more substances where each substance retains its individual properties.
HOW ARE MIXTURES LIKE COMPOUNDS?
THEY ARE MADE FROM TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES
HOW ARE MIXTURES DIFFERENT FROM COMPOUNDS?
MIXTURES DO NOT FORM CHEMICAL BONDS.

15. is HOMOGENEOUS …a mixture that is the same throughout.
A homogeneous mixture has a
composition and properties that are
identical regardless of the sample is
Ways to identify a homogeneous mixture:
HOMOGENEOUS
one phase
uniformly mixed
won’t settle out
small particles
A SOLUTION is another name for a homogeneous mixture

16. HETEROGENEOUS is … a mixture that is visibly different
throughout. Heterogenous mixtures have
a composition and properties that differ
in any given sample.
not uniformly mixed
more than one phase
will settle out
larger particles
Ways to identify a heterogeneous mixture:
HETEROGENEOUS

17. HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
There are special types of heterogeneous mixtures:
Suspensions-appear uniform when mixed but settle out.
Chocolate Quik
Muddy water
Pulpy oj
Oil & Vinegar dressing
Colloids-appear uniform but they do not settle out. However, their particles are too large to be classified as a homogeneous solution.
Gelatin
Smoke
Fog
mayonnaise

18. Now, lets put it all together and determine how to tell substances (compounds and elements) from mixtures.
Pure Substances
Made of either elements or compounds that are chemically bonded.
Cannot be separated by physical means.
When combined they take on new properties different from the original elements.
Examples:
Glucose: C6H12O6
Table Salt: NaCl
Oxygen Gas: O2
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Mixtures:
Two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined.
Tea = Crushed Leaf + H2O
Rocks = minerals + sediments + organic matter
Sugar Water = Sugar + H2O
Each component retains its own identity; it does not change into something else.
Can be separated by physical means
Examples:
Sweet tea
Trail mix
Air (O2, N2, CO2, Ar)

19. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Two types of atoms evenly mixed
Two types of atoms chemically combined
One type of atom
Two types of atoms mixed
An element
A solution
A compound
A mixture
Two of the descriptions to the right apply to each bottle below. Determine the appropriate descriptions.
hydrogen
atoms
oxygen atoms
hydrogen
atoms
d & h
b & g
c & e
a & f
1_______
2_______
3_______
4_______
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