1. Forms of ENERGY
B2.1

2. Chemical Energy
Chemical energy is the potential energy stored in the chemical bonds of compounds
Examples:
Food provides energy after the bonds found in food are broken
The chemical energy in a match is released after is it struck

3. Electrical Energy Electrical energy is the work done by moving charges
Can produce both heat and light
Examples:
Light bulb
Batteries

4. Magnetism
Magnetism is a property, possessed by certain materials, to attract or repel similar materials. Magnetism is associated with moving electricity.

5. Hans Oersted Discovered that electricity could produce magnetism
By placing a metal wire with a current passing through it over a compass, he noticed that the compass wire moved.
See page 166, Figure B2.3

7. Michael Faraday Discovered that magnetism could produce electricity.
By moving a magnet through a coil of wire, Faraday produced an electrical current and the first generator
See page 166, Figure B2.4

9. Nuclear Energy
Nuclear energy is the potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. When the nuclei is split (fission) or when two nuclei combine (fusion) energy is released.

10. Solar Energy
Solar energy is produced from a hydrogen-hydrogen nuclear fusion reaction with the release of nuclear energy.
Solar energy is often converted to other forms of energy such as heat. For example, a greenhouse.

11. Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is energy that can do work due to motion
Examples include flowing water and wind

12. Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational potential energy is energy that has the potential to do work due to it’s position above the earths surface.
Example: A rollercoaster on top of a crest

13. kinetic energy + potential energy
Mechanical Energy
Mechanical energy is the sum of the energy of motion and position
I.e. Mechanical energy =
kinetic energy + potential energy
Watch video: Two forms of energy

14. Newton's cradle
The motion of Newton's cradle was first explained by a living force- “vis visa”
What is actually happening is that the gravitational potential energy of the raised ball is converted into kinetic energy when released. As a result, a majority of the mechanical energy is conserved and the cradle will continue this motion for some time.

15. Heat Energy
Heat energy is the transfer of thermal energy due to vibrations and the movement of atoms from a hot object to a cold object

16. Joules Experiments
Joules experiments supported the idea that transformations of heat energy into mechanical energy could only occur when thermal energy flowed from hot to cold objects. Also, they also supported the idea that in this process some energy, in the form of heat, is always lost.

17. Joules Churn
As the mass falls, the water is churned, causing the temperature of the water to increase.
The potential energy of the mass is converted into the kinetic energy of the paddles, allowing the water to move and transform into heat.
As a result, Joules experiment supported a connection between potential energy and heat.

18. Falling Block Experiment
A falling block of wood hits a stationary block and the temperature of the block increases
The kinetic energy of the falling block is transferred to the stationary block and the temperature of the stationary block increases as a result.
As a result, Joules experiment supported a connection between kinetic energy and heat.

19. HOMEWORK
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