1. Romanticism
Artists who felt limited by Neoclassicism, began creating more emotional artwork giving rise to Romanticism.
Reaction against Neoclassicism – not interested in the importance of rules and perfection.
Not a particular style but an attitude characterized by colour, emotion, passion, imagination, and a dream like quality.
Named after the revival of interest in medieval stories like King Arthur – heroic stories referred to as “romances.”
Sometimes inspired by current events, particularly tragedies.
Also inspired by Africa and the Orient.
This movement is also in poetry (eg. Wordsworth and Keats) and Music (eg. Beethoven and Schubert).

2. Romanticism Characteristics

3. The artist of this work, Theodore Gericault, was the leader of Romanticism in France. This painting is an example of Romanticism.
Remember this?

4. Remember this by Francisco Goya?
Third of May,1808. (1814)

5. 43. Francisco Goya. Saturn Devouring one of his Sons. (1819-1823)
About the Artist:
official court painter of King Charles IV of Spain.
late works: “Black Paintings” focused on violence and his dark imagination.
He came to hate humanity because he saw only the brutalities of war/torture.
Saw the vices (negatives) in the church and state.
Technical:
Energetic brushstrokes
Emotional approach / convey a message
About this Work:
Classical Mythology: Saturn tries to prevent a prophecy about one of his son’s taking his place

6. Francisco Goya
Spanish Artist

7. 44. Henri Fuseli. The Nightmare. (1781)
Shows emotions associated with having a nightmare
Inspired by his lost love – she was not allowed to marry him

8. 45. Eugene Delacroix. Liberty Leading the People. (1830)
Liberty – personification
Subject: uprising of the middle class
Symbolic number 3: French flag, 3 rebels, 3 guns, & triangular composition
Shows energy = hope

11. 46. Nash. Royal Pavilion. Brighton. (1815-1818)
English lead Romanticism in architecture
Borrowed ideas from other times and cultures
This building meant to be summer home for King George IV
Inspiration: Outside – Islamic domes & minarets, inside – Greek, Egyptian, Chinese, Gothic themes

12. Realism
Artists who painted the present reality were called Realists – believed that only that which they could see and experience was worth recording in art.
Aim: subjects are to be shown a naturally and realistically as possible
Realists admired the 17th century Dutch & Flemish painters
Philosophy: glorified the working class and valued the common, everyday world around them.
This time period also brought about the rise of Photography as an art form.

14. 47. Millet. The Gleaners. (1857) The Artist:
Came from a peasant family and eventually turned to painting everyday life of peasants in France – eg. Sowing, seed, harvesting, etc.
Meaning of the work:
Shows peasants as dignified people
Simple dignity

15. 48. Daumier. The Third Class Carriage. (1862)
Was a social caricaturist for Paris newspapers
Shows people in the urban environment – not posing in a studio