1. A Preliminary Study on the Effect of Melancholic Music On EEG Asymmetry
Aaron Raymond See
Department of Electrical Engineering
Southern Taiwan University
STUT BMEC
7/6/2018

2. Outline Introduction Methodology Preliminary Results Conclusions
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Outline
Introduction
Methodology
Preliminary Results
Conclusions
References
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3. Introduction Over 30 years…. EEG asymmetry Emotional states
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Introduction
Over 30 years….
EEG asymmetry
Emotional states
Psychophysiological conditions
From: Carvalho A et al (2011) Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, pp
Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67, pp.1-5
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4. Introduction STUT BMEC
Fig. 1 Frontal EEG asymmetry as a moderator. Model adapted from Baron and Kenney (1986). From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49.
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5. Introduction Effects of relatively greater left frontal activity:
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Introduction
Effects of relatively greater left frontal activity:
General appetitive
Approachable
Behavioral activation
Motivational
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6. Introduction Effects of greater right frontal activity
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Introduction
Effects of greater right frontal activity
General avoidance
Withdrawal behaviors
Fear
Anxiety
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7. Introduction EEG asymmetry measurement
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Introduction
EEG asymmetry measurement
Index computed through the difference between the natural logarithm of the left hemisphere alpha power from right hemisphere alpha power
= ln(right alpha power) – ln(left alpha power)
From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49.
Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72:
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8. Introduction STUT BMEC
Fig. 2 Scatterplots of the relation between EEG alpha asymmetry (ln right hemisphere minus ln left hemisphere power) in the frontal regions for eyes-open and eyes closed conditions. From: Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72:
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9. STUT BMEC
Introduction
The factors may be considered as an index for the risk of anxiety and depression.
Fig. 3 Spectral asymmetry index values averaged over a group of depressive and control subjects
From: Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67:7-49.
Smit DJA et al (2007) Biological Psychology, 74:
Hinrikus H et al (2009) Med Biol Eng Comput, 47:
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10. Introduction STUT BMEC
Fig. 4 Frontal asymmetry (mean and sd) in normal, remmitted and depressed elderly subjects. From: Carvalho et al. Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, pp , 2011.
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11. STUT BMEC
Introduction
Music was found to be correlated with emotional experience.
Fig. 5 Differences among four musical excerpts on left and right frontal EEG alpha power
From: Schmidt L and Trainor et al (2001) Cognition and Emotion, 14:
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12. STUT BMEC
Introduction
Objective: To determine the effects on EEG asymmetry of resting EEG after listening to melancholic music.
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13. Methodology Subjects: 3 Male University Students Mean Age 20 Yrs Old
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Methodology
Subjects:
3 Male University Students
Mean Age 20 Yrs Old
Experimental procedure:
Divided into 3 parts
1st measure continuous resting eyes closed EEG 10 mins
2nd listen to melancholic songs no EEG recording 10 mins
3rd measure continuous resting eyes closed EEG 10 mins
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14. Methodology Nu Amps Express of NeuroScan Company
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Methodology
Nu Amps Express of NeuroScan Company
16 channels were placed according to the system
Impedance was kept at 5 kΩ
The channels recorded are composed of the following:
Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, C3, and C4
Bandpass filtered using: Hz
Sampling Frequency: 1000 Hz
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15. Methodology Harmonic parameter extraction:
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Methodology
Harmonic parameter extraction:
Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta
Single side power of each harmonic parameter
Power is normalize
Asymmetry index
ln[right alpha] – ln[left alpha]
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16. Fig. 6 EEG asymmetry of subject 1
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Preliminary Results
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Fig. 6 EEG asymmetry of subject 1

17. Fig. 7 EEG asymmetry of subject 2
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Preliminary Results
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Fig. 7 EEG asymmetry of subject 2

18. Fig. 8 EEG asymmetry of subject 3
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Preliminary Results
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Fig. 8 EEG asymmetry of subject 3

19. Fig. 9 Average EEG asymmetry of 3 subjects
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Preliminary Results
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Fig. 9 Average EEG asymmetry of 3 subjects

20. Table 1. EEG asymmetry index comparison
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Preliminary Results
Table 1. EEG asymmetry index comparison
Subject 1
Left
Right
Before
After
Beta
9.66
15.57
9.77
15.70
Alpha
36.01
39.49
33.17
38.15
Theta
52.63
43.42
55.46
44.71
Delta
1.70
1.53
1.60
1.45
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21. Fig. 10 EEG asymmetry comparison
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Preliminary Results
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Fig. 10 EEG asymmetry comparison

22. STUT BMEC
Conclusions
Melancholic music presented to the subjects were able to display observable changes in the EEG asymmetry indexes and the normalized power of the harmonic parameters.
The asymmetry indexes were brought closer to the baseline after listening to the set of music.
Beta power increase and decrease were observed to affect theta changes.
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23. STUT BMEC
Conclusions
More experiments may determine new methods to provide a definitive test on emotional and psychological states.
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24. STUT BMEC
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the financial support from National Science Council of Taiwan on grant number NSC E
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25. STUT BMEC
References
P. Possel, (2008) Biological Psychology, 78:
Wheeler RE et al (1993) Psychophysiology, 30: 82–89.
Coan J and Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67: 7-49.
Jones NA, Field T, and Davalos M (1998) Infant behavior and Development, 21: 527–530.
Coan JA, Allen JJ B ( 2003) The Asymmetrical Brain, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 565–615.
Davidson RJ (1993) Cognition and Emotion 7: 115–138.
Harmon-Jones E and Allen JJ B (1997) Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106: 159–163.
Hinrikus H et al (2009) Med Biol Eng Comput, 47:
Grin-Yatsenko et al (2010) Clinical Neurophysiology, 121:
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26. References
Harmon-Jones E, Gable P A, and Peterson C K (2010) Biological Psychology, 84:
Lin YP et al (2010) Neuroreport, 21:
Sokhadze E (2007) Applied Pyschophysiology and Biofeedback, 32:
Carvalho A et al (2011) Journal of Affective Disorders, 129:
Allen J (2004) Biological Psychology, 67: 1-5 .
Jetha M et al (2009) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 72:
Smit DJA et al (2007) Biological Psychology, 74:
Schmidt L and Trainor et al (2001) Cognition and Emotion, 14:
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27. Thank you for your attention!
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Thank you
for your attention!
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