1. China’s One-Child Policy

2. During the 1960s the population growth rate averaged 2.4% per year
POPULATION POLICIES
During Mao Zedong's rule the population policy of China was “the more people, the stronger we are”, leading to overpopulation and a series of famines.
During the 1960s the population growth rate averaged 2.4% per year

3. “Bear as many children as possible… to make China stronger
“Bear as many children as possible… to make China stronger.” --Mao Zedong
“The happy life Chairman Mao gave us.” 1954

4. This led to overpopulation:
In million
In over 600 million
In 1970—830 million
Average birth number for Per couple: 5 children

5. Deng Xiaoping took power in 1978:
New policies focused on strengthening China's economy
Overpopulation as block to economic development
In 1979, China introduced the ONE CHILD POLICY.
goal: population contained within 1.2 billion by 2000.

6. Penalties
Fines ($65 - $9,000)
Forced abortions, some as late as nine months
Seizing or destroying property of families that cannot pay the fines
Job loss

7. Members of ethnic minorities First child disabled or dies
General exceptions
Members of ethnic minorities
First child disabled or dies
Remarried couples
In rural areas, if first child is a girl
Pregnancy after adoption

8. Success of the Policy
The policy has led to a decrease in population by 300 million over the 30 years the policy has been in place

9. Benefits of the Policy
It encourages female independence and the opportunity to be equal in the workplace
Improved standards of living for families
Education is costly so the one child can be more highly educated
Less mouths to feed so less famine
Less competition for jobs – lower unemployment
The problems of overpopulation decreases

11. Gender Imbalance a global average of 103 to 107.
 118 boys are born for every 100 girls, against
a global average of 103 to 107.

13. China’s Working-Age Population Sees Biggest-Ever Decline
China’s working age population saw its biggest decline in 2015,
underscoring demographers’ warnings of an oncoming labor shortage
in the country.

15. Downside: ratio of old age dependence
More old people; fewer young
4:2:1 phenomenon; couple responsible for 1 child & 4 parents