1. Development and characterization of the common bean diversity panel (ADP)

2. BREEDING LOCALLY-ADAPTED PULSE CROPS FOR ENHANCED YIELD AND SEED QUALITIES: AN INTEGRATED, OUTCOME-BASED PLAN FOR ARS
Karen Cichy ARS East Lansing, MI
Mike Grusak ARS Houston, TX
Phil Miklas ARS Prosser, WA
Talo Pastor-Corrales ARS Beltsville, MD
Tim Porch ARS Mayaguez, PR
James Beaver UPR Mayaguez, PR
Consuelo Estevez UPR Mayaguez, PR
Gail Wisler ARS-NPL
Roy Scott ARS-NPL

3. The main goal of the project is to increase common bean production in Sub-Saharan Africa, through the development of germplasm resources, molecular tools, and scientific knowledge.

4. OBJECTIVES
1. Develop an Andean Diversity Panel (ADP) comprised of dry bean lines for genetic characterization of targeted traits and identi- fication of breeding materials. 2. Identify and develop Andean germplasm with improved biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improved production on degraded low input soils. 3. Improve tolerance to abiotic stresses-drought and heat. 4. Identify Andean common bean cultivars with disease resistance genes for the control of the most widespread and yield-reducing diseases in target countries.

5. OBJECTIVES
5. Determine the phenotypic variation of seed phytic acid , flavonoids, and cooking time. 6. Determine the phenotypic variation and genetic control of seed mineral concentrations, pod mineral partitioning, and pod dry matter partitioning in Andean beans.

6. Objective 1: Develop Andean Diversity Panel

7. Increase of the ADP Panel
Subsets Increased in:
Prosser, Washington
Isabela, Puerto Rico
South Africa

8. Objective 2: Identification of ADP germplasm efficient under low fertility conditions

9. Morogoro, Tanzania

10. Trial of 95 landraces in Tanzania, 2012 Results from top 6 lines
pods plant
seeds pod
sd wt
Yield
Shoot dry wt
Nodule
Rust
CBB
ALS
Virus BCMV
Sub ID
Name
No.
g 100 sds
kg ha g
TZ-4
KILOMBERO
12.6
3.7
49.5
1655
7.40
27.5
1.0
3.0
1.8
TZV-58
KIJIVU
10.3
5.0
44.0
1373
7.33
14.5
2.0
2.5
TZ-14
KIANGWE
10.8
4.2
39.8
1366
5.20
9.0
TZV-73
MASUSU
11.4
3.6
48.1
1334
8.25
17.5
TZV-41
MRONDO
14.9
4.6
37.4
1325
6.31
14.3
TZ-7
BUKOBA
15.8
5.3
36.4
1323
5.12
20.8
1.5
Correlation 0.47**

11. Objective 3: Evaluate Abiotic Stress Response
Top 25 performers for Drought – Othello, WA 2012
Drought Intensity Index = 40%
Yield (kg ha-1 Geomean)

12. Objective 4: Identify disease resistant germplasm within the ADP
1-9 Scale, CBB
Blue- 3353
Red- 484A
Lines
Limited Common bacterial blight (CBB) Resistance in ADP
Correlation coefficient between strains: 0.92

13. Response to strains 484A and 3353 of CBB 285 lines; 7 R. , 16 Int
Response to strains 484A and 3353 of CBB 285 lines; 7 R., 16 Int., 262 S.
ADP
Sub-ID
Genotype
3353
484A
SAP6
SU91
635
BCV-508
OAC Redstar
4.0
2.5 + -
430
PR-4
PR1013-3
4.5
432
PR-6 PR
435
PR-9
RM-05-07
4.3
2.8
614
BC-315
ND061106
3.0 32
TZ-32
RH No. 21
4.8
607
BC-154
NY 105 96
AF-1
Rojo
5.5
617
BC-347
Red Rider
9.0
8.0
618
BC-351
AC Elk
8.5
7.0 97
AF-2
Bilfa 4
8.8
VAX 6
1.7
1.3
Morales
Mean
8.6
7.7
LSD
0.8
1.1

14. ADP Response to NL3 Strain of BCMNV Out of 303 lines: 37 with I gene and 3 with bc3 gene
Sub-ID
Source
Genotype
NL3 Response
ENM- (bc3)
SW13 (I)
614
BC-315 WM
ND061106
Necrosis
(-)
(+)
635
BCV-508 OT
OAC Redstar
607
BC-154 WM
NY 105
605
BC-152 WM
1132-V96
118
AF-23 OT
Werna
427
PR-1
J.Beaver
Badillo
434
PR-8
PR0737-1
121
AF-26 OT
Kranskop HR-1
225
CC-22
05IS-0227
G 6415
599
BC-76 OT
Isles
122
AF-27 OT
Kranskop
113
AF-18 OT
OPS-RS4
126
AFC-7
SELIAN 05
632
BCV-505 OT
TARS HT 1
618
BC-351 WM
AC Elk
629
BCV-502 OT H
606
BC-153 WM
NY 104
623
BC-399 WM
Drake
624
BC-401 OT
Dolly
630
BCV-503 OT H 26
TZ-26 OT
Black Wonder 51
TZV-52
OT1122-1
RH No. 3 55
TZV-56 OT
KABUKU 97
AF-2 OT
Bilfa 4
117
AF-22 OT
A483
123
AF-28 OT
Jenny
452
EC-6
E.Peralta
INIAP 425
456
EC-10
INIAP 480
517
AG-10
2010-TP20
Carioca, Kibala
600
BC-100 OT
K07921
608
BC-175 WM
UI-51
609
BC-248 WM
K-407
610
BC-265 WM
G-122
616
BC-344 WM
OAC Lyrick
619
BC-367 WM
UCD 0906
622
BC-378 WM
UCD 0701
628
BCV-501 OT H

15. Ashy stem blight response using Band-aid method
Combined Results
Response
Lesion length
Notes 18
Res., 1-3
0-4 cm
155
Int., 4-6
5-8 cm 88
Susc., 7-9
>= 9 cm
or dead

16. Objective 5: Determine the phenotypic variation of seed phytic acid, flavonoids, and cooking time
Cooking Time on 100 ADP lines

17. Elemental analysis of 40 Andean Entries – Seeds
Objective 6: Determine the phenotypic variation and genetic control of seed mineral concentrations
Elemental analysis of 40 Andean Entries – Seeds
Elements
Prosser Range
Fold Range
(Prosser)
Ca (mg/g DW)
0.7 – 2.7
4.1 x
K (mg/g DW)
11.3 – 19.9
1.8 x
Mg (mg/g DW)
1.4 – 2.9
2.1 x
P (mg/g DW)
4.2 – 6.8
1.6 x
S (mg/g DW)
1.9 – 2.9
1.5 x
Cu (µg/g DW)
6.5 – 10.8
1.7 x
Fe (µg/g DW)
63.2 – 99.6
Mn (µg/g DW)
10.9 – 19.6
Mo (µg/g DW)
0.4 – 4.6
11.0 x
Ni (µg/g DW)
0.6 – 4.7
7.8 x
Se (µg/g DW)
not detected
Zn (µg/g DW)
30.0 – 47.5
Potential impact: Broad diversity exists for seed mineral concentrations.
Association mapping with the ADP should lead to the identification of seed mineral QTLs for breeders.

18. Diversity Analysis - Based on 73 informative SNPs
ADP Currently in the process of being SNP genotyped with 6,000 BeanCAP SNPs for AM Analysis

19. Sharing of ADP population Development of Access Database

20. Concluding Comments Initial findings in ADP
Limited disease resistance
Promising efficiency under low fertility, and for BNF
Useful range of phytonutrient concentration and cooking times
ADP dataset will be important:
For mapping new traits/developing markers in Andeans
Establishing an initial baseline of African germplasm in research and breeding efforts
Determining research/breeding priorities focused on Africa
Acknowledgements: