1. 30 October 2017 EQ – What is the Old Kingdom & the importance of religion in Ancient Egypt?
Bellringer:
Discuss Document Analysis
Three Kingdoms - GRAPES
HW: Geography (be able to label everything on map and explain some of the natural barriers of Egypt)/Document Analysis Assessment Tomorrow

2. Document Analysis Check
What is it? – Hymn (song – usually religious to praise a god) or poem is okay, too
Date – c BCE
Title – Hymn to the Nile
Primary Source
This hymn was written during the ancient Egyptian time period, by a person living in that era. It is a literature piece that gives insight to their religion/belief system.

3. Speaker – Unknown
Occasion – Praising the Nile
Audience – Nile/Gods of Egypt
Purpose – This hymn was written to persuade the Nile to continue its flooding in order to bring life to Egypt. Perhaps this was also written to entertain the people of Egypt and/or the Gods – in order to please them.
Subject – Nile River
Tone – Joy, happiness

4. GIST
This is a song written to the Nile River by the people of Egypt. It praises the Nile River and thanks it for its gifts to Egypt. For example, the people thank the Nile for its yearly floods.

5. The Three Kingdoms of Egypt

6. The Three Kingdoms of Egypt Old – 2700 BC – 2200 BC Middle – 2200 BC – 2050 BC New BC – 1050 BC

7. Social Structure Pharaoh Nobles (Officials & Priests)
Often related to the Pharaoh
Merchants, Scribes & Craftspeople
Farmers ~ 80% of the population!
Servants & Slaves

8. Social Structure
Scribes were highly honored – they worked for the government and temples. Many became very wealthy.
Most Egyptian women were devoted to their homes & families, but some had jobs outside of the home.
Women had some legal rights – they could own land, have contracts & divorce their husbands.
– Looking Good Ancient Egyptian Style

9. Economy Egyptians traded with their neighbors. Ex: wood
perfume and medicine
gold, ivory, and stone

10. Economy

11. Political System - Government
Ruled by strong pharaohs who were thought to be both king and god.
During the Old Kingdom, the king of Egypt (not called the Pharaoh until the New Kingdom) became a living god, who ruled absolutely and could demand the services and wealth of his subjects

12. Political System - Government
1st Pharaoh - Menes
Last Pharaoh - Cleopatra

13. Achievements Writing Hieroglyphics Book of the Dead Use of Papyrus
Paper
Boats
Sandals
Rope
Architecture
Pyramids
Sphinx
Obelisk
Art
Advancements in style
Jewelry

14. Achievements

15. Religion Polytheistic Religion
Much of the religion focused on the afterlife
Built large temples and pyramids for burial and the afterlife. (It was only during the Old Kingdom that the pyramids were built.)
They symbolized the pharaoh’s importance & the shape symbolized the pharaoh’s journey to the afterlife….
But they were $$$$ & eventually made the kingdom go broke & help bring an end to the Old Kingdom

17. Religion Split to 3 Ba (soul) Ka (life force ) Akh (“effectiveness”)
Human headed bird
Ka (life force )
spirit double
Akh (“effectiveness”)

18. Book of the Dead ~ Weighing of the Heart Ceremony (New Kingdom)

19.
Now….you try it!