1. CS1123
Computer Programming
Spring 2012
Instructor
Ghufran Ahmed

2. Schedule
Section
Lecture
Lab I
TUE II
FRI

3. Description
This first level programming course shall cover the principles and practice of problem solving using C++. Students shall be introduced to the basic C++ techniques such as program control statements, pointers, functions, structures etc. The students shall gain hands-on experience through several programming assignments.

4. Text Books Primary References
Herbert Schildt, ‘C++ from the Ground Up’, 2nd Edition, 1998, Osborne McGraw-Hill.
Turbo C Programming by Robert Lafore
References
Deital & Deital, ‘C++ How to Program’, 3rd Edition, 2001, Prentice Hall.
Herbert Schildt, ‘C++: The Complete Reference’, 3rd Edition, 1998, Osborne McGraw-Hill.
Some handouts may be given to supplement the text

5. Lectures There shall be 30 sessions o 30 sessions of 80 minutes each o labs conducted by lab instructor Grading o 10% Quizzes (quizzes may be based on assignments) o 15% Programming Assignments. o 10% Programming Project. o 5% Class Participation. o 20% Midterm Exam o 40% Final Exam

6. Topics Introduction Introduction to computer programming and C++ 1
Chapter 1, 2
Overview of C++ and Basic Data Types
Programming practices, variables, constants, operators, expressions etc.
1.5
Chapter 2, 3
More Data Types and Operators
Enumerations, bool, Bitwise Operators, ? operator, dynamic allocation using new and delete etc.
Chapter 9

7. Topics … Program Control Statements
if statement, for loop, switch statement, while loop, do-while loop, continue, break, nested loops 2
Chapter 4
Arrays and Strings
One dimensional arrays, strings, string library functions, two dimensional arrays, multidimensional arrays, array initialization, arrays of strings 3
Chapter 5
Pointers
Pointer operators, pointer expressions, pointers and arrays, arrays of pointers, problems with pointers
Chapter 6

8. Topics …
Functions
Scope rules of functions, passing pointers and arrays, argc and argv, return statement, recursion 2
Chapter 7
References, Overloading, and Default Arguments
Argument passing, function-overloading etc.
Chapter 8
Structures and Unions
Chapter 10
Basic File IO
Chapter 18

9. Scholastic Ethics
· Students are expected to maintain high standards of academic honesty. The Disciplinary Committee will deal with breaches in scholastic ethics such as cheating. · Plagiarism will be suspected if an assignment that calls for independent development and implementation of a program results in two or more solutions so similar that one solution can be converted to the other(s) by a series of simple commands · Cheating will be suspected if a student who completed an assignment independently cannot explain both the intricacies of the solution and the techniques used to generate that solution

10. Examples of Cheating
Turning in someone else's work, in whole or in part, as your own (with or without his/her knowledge)
Turning in a completely duplicated assignment is a flagrant offense
Allowing another student to turn in your work as his/her own
Several people writing one assignment and turning in multiple copies, all represented (implicitly or explicitly) as individual work

11. Examples of Not Cheating
Turning in work done alone or with the help of the course's TAs.
Submitting one assignment for a group of students if group work is explicitly permitted (or required)
Getting or giving help about using the computers
Getting or giving help about solving minor syntax errors   Penalties for cheating can be an 'F' in the course or worse.

12. What is a Computer? Computer Computer programs Hardware Software
A device capable of performing computations and making logical decisions
Computer programs
Sets of instructions that control a computer’s processing of data
Hardware
Various devices comprising a computer
Examples: keyboard, screen, mouse, disks, memory, CD-ROM, and processing units
Software
Programs that run a computer

13. Computer Organization
Six logical units in every computer:
Input unit
Obtains information from input devices (keyboard, mouse)
Output unit
Outputs information (to screen, to printer, to control other devices)
Memory unit
Rapid access, low capacity, stores input information
Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)
Performs arithmetic calculations and logic decisions
Central processing unit (CPU)
Supervises and coordinates the other sections of the computer
Secondary storage unit
Cheap, long-term, high-capacity storage, stores inactive programs

14. A Bit of History Which was the first programmable computer?
Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine (early 1800’s)
First programmer?
Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace; Charles’s colleague and daughter of Lord Byron
Babbage: English mathematician and physical scientist ( )

15. “The Analytical Engine has no pretensions whatever to originate anything. It can do whatever we know how to order it to perform. It can follow analysis; but it has no power of anticipating any analytical relations or truths. Its province is to assist us in making available what we are already acquainted with.” Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace

16. Evolution of Operating Systems
Batch processing
Do only one job or task at a time
Operating systems
Manage transitions between jobs
Increased throughput
Amount of work computers process
Multiprogramming
Many jobs or tasks sharing a computer’s resources
Timesharing
Perform a small portion of one user’s job then move on to service the next user

17. Personal Computing Distributed Computing Client/Server Computing
Personal computers
Economical enough for individual
Distributed computing
Organizations computing is distributed over networks
Client/server computing
Sharing of information, across computer networks, between file servers and clients (personal computers)

18. Types of Programming Languages
Machine languages
Strings of numbers giving machine specific instructions
Example:
Assembly languages
English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer operations (translated via assemblers)
LOAD BASEPAY ADD OVERPAY STORE GROSSPAY
High-level languages
Similar to everyday English, use mathematical notations (translated via compilers)
grossPay = basePay + overTimePay

19. Some High-Level Languages
Java used to
Create web pages with dynamic and interactive content
Develop large-scale enterprise applications
Enhance the functionality of web servers
Provide applications for consumer devices (such as cell phones, pagers and personal digital assistants)
FORTRAN
Used in scientific and engineering applications
COBOL
Used to manipulate large amounts of data
Pascal
Used to teach structured programming
C/C++
Middle-level language
Provides facilities for both high level as well as low level programming

20. History of C and C++ C++ evolved from C ANSI C
C evolved from two other programming languages, BCPL and B
ANSI C
Established worldwide standards for C programming
C invented by Dennis Ritchie of AT&T Bell Labs in the 1970s
C++ by Bjarne Stroustrup of the same labs in the early 1980s
C++ “spruces up” C
Provides capabilities for object-oriented programming
Objects are reusable software components that model things in the real world
Object-oriented programs are easy to understand, correct and modify
C is a subset of C++

21. Structured Programming
Disciplined approach to writing programs
Clear, easy to test and debug, and easy to modify
Multitasking
Many activities to run in parallel

22. Basics of a Typical C++ Environment
Basics of a Typical C++ Environment
Phases of C++ Programs:
Edit
Preprocess
Compile
Link
Load
Execute
Loader
Primary
Memory
Program is created in
the editor and stored
on disk.
Preprocessor program
processes the code.
Loader puts program
in memory.
CPU takes each
instruction and
executes it, possibly
storing new data
values as the program
executes.
Compiler
Compiler creates
object code and stores
it on disk.
Linker links the object
code with the libraries,
creates a.out and
stores it on disk
Editor
Preprocessor
Linker
CPU .
Disk
Files:
*.cpp, *.c, *.h
*.obj, *.exe

23. Errors Syntax errors Linker errors Execution/Run-time errors
reported by the compiler
Linker errors
reported by the linker
Execution/Run-time errors
reported by the operating system
Logic errors
not reported

24. Introduction to C++ Programming
C++ language
Facilitates a structured and disciplined approach to computer program design
C and C++ are portable languages
Programs written in C and C++ can run on many different computers

25. Identifiers in C++ A name assigned to: A constant Variable Function
User defined data type

26. Identifiers in C++ … Rules Can be from one to several characters long
First 1024 characters are significant
May consist of alphanumeric and underscore characters
May start with any letter of alphabet, or with an underscore
Are case sensitive
No special characters are allowed
Spaces are not allowed as part of the identifier name
Keywords cannot be used as identifiers
Any other reserved words by the language (such as names of library functions) shall not be used as identifiers

27. Identifiers in C++ … Conventions
Use identifier names that reflect the meaning or usage of the items being named
THISISACONSTANT or THIS_IS_A_CONSTANT
thisisavariable or this_is_a_variable
thisIsAFunction
ThisIsAUserDefinedDataType