1. They are everywhere.. In your food In your house EVEN IN YOU!!!!!
Acids & Bases
They are everywhere..
In your food
In your house
EVEN IN YOU!!!!!

2. What is an acid? Produces H+ ions in a solution.
from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour".
more H + ions, more acidic the solution.

3. Properties of an Acid Tastes Sour Conduct Electricity
Corrosive, which means they break down certain substances. Many acids can corrode fabric, skin,and paper
Some acids react strongly with metals
Turns blue litmus paper red
Picture from BBC Revision Bites

4. Uses of Acids Acetic Acid = Vinegar
Citric Acid = lemons, limes, & oranges. It is in many sour candies such as lemonhead & sour patch.
Ascorbic acid = Vitamin C which your body needs to function.
Sulfuric acid is used in the production of fertilizers, steel, paints, and plastics.
Car batteries

5. What is a base? A base is a solution that has an excess of OH- ions.
Another word for base is alkali.
Bases are substances that can accept hydrogen ions

6. Properties of a Base Feel Slippery Taste Bitter Corrosive
Can conduct electricity. (Think alkaline batteries.)
Do not react with metals.
Turns red litmus paper blue.

7. Uses of Bases
Bases give soaps, ammonia, and many other cleaning products some of their useful properties.
The OH- ions interact strongly with certain substances, such as dirt and grease.
Chalk and oven cleaner are examples of familiar products that contain bases.
Your blood is a basic solution.

8. pH Scale pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
Acidic solutions have pH values below 7
A solution with a pH of 0 is very acidic.
A solution with a pH of 7 is neutral.
Pure water has a pH of 7.
Basic solutions have pH values above 7.

9. pH Scale: Amounts of H+ and OH-
pH 1 = 1x10-1 H+ 1x10-13 OH-
pH 12 = 1x10-12 H+ 1x10-2 OH-

10. Acid – Base Reactions
A reaction between an acid and a base is called neutralization.
Resulting product is a salt

11. Acid – Base reactions
Each salt listed in this table can be formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.

12. Reactions with indicators
Acid color
Neutral color
Base color
Phenolphthalein
Colorless
Faint pink
Dark pink
Bromthymol blue
Yellow
Green
Blue
Litmus
Red
-----

13. Situations in which pH is controlled
“Heartburn”
Planting vegetables and flowers
Fish Tanks and Ponds
Blood
Swimming pools

14. pH changes and the Envirnoment
Rapid changes in pH can kill fish and other organisms in lakes and streams.
Soil pH is affected and can kill plants and create sinkholes

15. Acid Rain
Pollution in the air (sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide) combines with water to form various acids.

16. pH in the Digestive System
Mouth-pH around 7. Saliva contains amylase, an enzyme which begins to break carbohydrates into sugars.
Stomach- pH around 2. Proteins are broken down into amino acids by the enzyme pepsin.
Small intestine-pH around 8. Most digestion ends. Small molecules move to bloodstream toward cells that use them

17. Digestion and pH
Digestion-process by which foods are broken down into simpler substances.
Mechanical digestion-physical process in which food is torn apart (mouth)
Chemical digestion- chemical reactions in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules. (stomach and small intestines)