1. Journey Into Aboriginal Health
Eating Well and Living Well
PNUR 4572
Interactive Presentation
Click Speaker To Listen
Erica Wong

2. Food Insecurity in the Aboriginal Population
Poorer health outcomes
Higher rates of chronic diseases
Loss of traditional diet and foods
Loss of culture
Malnutrition
Initiatives: nutrition programs, diabetes initiatives, prenatal nutrition program, and education.
Figure 3.5: Indigeneity, Gender, Food Insecurity
(Council of Canadian Acadenmies, 2014, pg. 48)
(Council of Canadian Academies, 2014)

3. Chronic Disease and Obesity is on the rise...WHY?
BMI Overweight
BMI Obese
Chronic Disease and Obesity is on the rise...WHY?
42%
40%
MALE
FEMALE
Physical Inactivity & Unhealthy Diet
Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, & Cancer
High-fat, High Sodium, & Energy dense diets
Alcohol Intake & Smoking
Poor dietary patterns
Poverty, Rurality, Remoteness & On/Off Reserve Living
Loss of sustainable resources
32%
32%
FEMALE
MALE
(Earle, 2011); (First Nations Health Authority, 2014)
On-Reserve First Nations Body Mass index (BMI)

4. Traditional Aboriginal Diet
WHAT IS IT?
Local food resources that are high in animal fat, low in carbohydrates, and nutrient dense. It encompasses gathering, harvesting, fishing, trapping, and growing.
Food is based on location, geography, seasons, and cultural groups.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS?
Allowed cultural practices such as story-telling, speaking in native tongues, acquiring traditional foods, and sharing and participating in traditional events.
High in vitamins, rich in micronutrients, medicinal benefits.
Nutritional, cultural, and social benefits important to Aboriginal People.
(Earle, 2011); (First Nations Health Authority, 2014)

5. Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide First Nations, Inuit and Métis
(Health Canada, 2007)

6. Balance, Nature, Health, Healing, Life, Wellness, Tradition
OUTER DESIGN
Shows Aboriginal community harvesting, hunting, growing, fishing, and gathering traditional foods.
Shows food from land, water, & air.
Encompasses social & cultural aspects.
INNER DESIGN
Shows store bought foods that are part of individual food groups and are accessible to purchase in most local convenience stores.
(Health Canada, 2007)
Balance, Nature, Health, Healing, Life, Wellness, Tradition
(Health Canada, 2007)

7. 3 EASY STEPS FOR EATING HEALTHY
Using Canada’s Food Guide for First Nations, Inuit and Métis
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3
Find your age and sex group in the chart.
Follow down the column to the number of daily servings you need for each of the food groups.
Look for serving examples that count as one serving.
(Health Canada, 2007)

8. Important Food Groups Fruits & Vegetables Grain Products
Milk & Alternatives
Meat & Alternatives
FIGHTS COLDS AND FLU & HELPS REPAIR SKIN.
EAT 1 DARK GREEN VEGETABLE & 1 ORANGE VEGETABLE EACH DAY
PROVIDES ENERGY. AND IMPROVES STOMACH PROBLEMS.
EAT ½ OF ALL SERVINGS WHOLE GRAINS
STRENGTHENS BONES AND TEETH.
DRINK 500 ml (2 cups) OF LOW FAT MILK PER DAY
BUILDS STRONG MUSCLES AND PROVIDES ENERGY
EAT LEAN MEATS & 2 SERVINGS OF FISH EACH WEEK
(Health Canada., 2007); (Dietitians of Canada, 2015)

9. Integrating Aboriginal Traditional Diet
A Few Steps That We Can Take
Use Canada’s Food Guide, First Nations, Inuit and Métis
Make and provide healthier options in grocery stores.
Secure food resources
Create more opportunities for education and skills training.
Provide a safer on-reserve living for fishing, hunting, and gathering traditional foods.
Health promotion in schools to teach healthy lifestyle habits.
(Earle, 2011); (First Nations Health Authority, 2014).

10. TIPS FOR A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE
EXERCISE
LOW FAT DIET
BETTER CHOICES
AVOID saturated fats (animal fats) such as: butter and lard.
TRY unsaturated fats such as: seal & whale oil, or olive & vegetable oil.
MAX: 2-3 Tablespoon/day
CHOOSE low fat, low sodium, and low sugar food items.
Read nutrient label for nutritional information.
Try to follow Canada’s Food Guidelines
To maintain a healthy body weight, stay active!
Adults = At least 2.5 hours of activity a week
Children & Youth = At least 1 hour a day
(Health Canada., 2007)

11. Aeñ Ripa Deñ Papyii’d taeñ (A Meal in Foil) With a Cheesy Twist
Click once to start video
Aeñ Ripa Deñ Papyii’d taeñ (A Meal in Foil) With a Cheesy Twist

12. Aeñ Ripa Deñ Papyii’d taeñ (A Meal in Foil) With a Cheesy Twist RECIPE
Instructions:
Slice vegetables into thin slices and put them in a bowl
Mix olive oil, vegetables, dash of salt and pepper, and garlic powder.
Cut middle of meat and spread cream cheese in between.
Sprinkle herbs, dash of salt and pepper, garlic powder, and parmesan cheese on top.
Lay foil open, put vegetables on foil and place meat on top.
Put sliced onions on top.
Fold up foil (double fold edges to wrap tightly.
8. Cook in 375 F oven for 45 minutes
Ingredients
1 thick meat patty (In the video, we used 1 wild turkey breast)
1 medium sliced yellow potato
1 medium sliced red potato
1 small sliced carrot
1 small sliced zucchini
¼ sliced sweet onion
1 teaspoon of mixed garlic powder, herbs
1 tablespoon of extra virgin olive oil
2 tablespoons of low fat cream cheese
2 tablespoons of parmesan cheese
1 piece of aluminium toil (20 inches long)
Dash of salt and pepper
RECIPE ADAPTED FROM: Métis Cookbook and Guide to Healthy Living Second Edition (2008).
Aeñ Ripa Deñ Papyii’d taeñ (A Meal in Foil) With a Cheesy Twist RECIPE

13. References
Dietitians of Canada. (2015). Traditional Food for Aboriginal People. EatRight Ontario. Retrieved on November 20, 2015 from:
Earle, L. (2011) Traditional Aboriginal Diets and Health. National Collaborating Centre For Aboriginal Health. Retrieved on November 20, 2015 from: ccnsa.ca/docs/nccah%20reports/1828_NCCAH_mini_diets_health_web.pdf
First Nations Health Authority. (2014). Healthy Food Guidelines for First Nations Communities. First Nations Health Authority Health Through Wellness. Retrieved on November 20, 2015 from:
Health Canada. (2007). Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide: First Nations, Inuit and Métis. Government of Canada. Retrieved on November 20, 2015 from: aliment-eng.pdf
Métis Centre, National Aboriginal Health Organization. (2008). Métis Cookbook and Guide to Healthy Living Second Edition. Ottawa: National Aboriginal Health Organization. Retrieved on November 20, 2015 from:
Council of Canadian Academies. (2014). Aboriginal Food Security in Northern Canada: An Assessment of the State of Knowledge - Expert Panel on the State of Knowledge of Food Security in Northern Canada. Retrieved on November 20, from:  ity/foodsecurity_fullreporten.pdf

14. References
[Untitled illustration of corn cobs]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from e jpg?itok=5NCAg4bC
[Untitled illustration of First Nations women]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Fruit and Vegetable Rainbow Chart image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Whole grain article image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from grain-article-image-300x300.jpg
[Meat and dairy products in the form of a circle isolated on white background image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from jpg
[Healthy Food image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Green plant surrounded by hands stock photo plant protect protection image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from Photo-plant-protect-protection.jpg

15. References
[Foods that calm mind slide 5 image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Pachamama2 small image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Skidgate1 image]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Untitled illustration of Canada’s food guide for First Nations, Inuit and Métis]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Untitled illustration of animated exercising people]. Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
[Untitled illustration of olive oil] Retrieved November 25, 2015 from
Video:
[Audio music file: Happy Instrumental Music (0:03 - 1:50 seconds)] (2014). Retrieved on November 25, 2015 from: