1. 11/10 (p 48 ) Motion Notes- Speed
IQ: How do you know if something has moved when you cannot actually see it moving, for ex. in a comic book? We know something has moved when…

2. Motion is a change
in position, measured
by distance and time

3. Is your chair moving
right now?

4. An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a reference point.
Objects that we call stationary—such as a tree, a sign, or a building—make good reference points.
The passenger can use a tree as a reference point to decide if the train is moving. A tree makes a good reference point because it is stationary from the passenger’s point of view.

5. A reference point is needed to detect and measure movement
Reference Point: A place or object used to compare and determine if an object is in motion. Should not be moving, should be visible to compare.
A reference point
is needed to detect and
measure movement

6. Describing Motion
Whether or not an object is in motion depends on the reference point you choose.

7. What is your
reference point?

8. Earth rotates
on its axis
at 1,100 mph or
1670 km/hr.
Earth orbits
the Sun at
68,000 mph or
107,000 km/hr

9. The whole galaxy rotates
at 490,000 mph

10. Distance
When an object moves, it goes from point A to point B – that is the DISTANCE it traveled. (SI unit is the meter)
Distance is how far an object has moved during its motion. B A

11. Measuring Distance Meter – international unit for measuring distance.
1 mm
= 50 m

12. Displacement
Displacement is how far out of place the object is; it is the object’s overall change in position, directly from the starting to the ending point. In this example, the displacement is 5 km northeast whereas the distance is = 7km

13. Formula: Speed = Distance(m) Time(s)
Speed is the distance traveled by a moving object over a period of time.
Formula: Speed = Distance(m)
Time(s)

14. Calculating Speed
Speed (S) = distance traveled (d) / the amount of time it took (t). D S T
S (speed, how fast, rate)= d/t SI unit m/s
D (distance, how far)= s x t SI unit m
T (time, how long) = d/s SI unit s

15. Calculating speed S = d/t
If I travel 100 kilometers in one hour then I have a speed of…
100 km/h
If I travel 1 meter in 1 second then I have a speed of….
1 m/s
If I travel 100 km in 2 hours, I have a speed of 100 km/2 h= ____

16. = = = .01 m/s distance Speed time 1 m 100s
A snail crawls 1 m in 100 seconds.
What is the speed of the snail?
distance
Speed =
time =
1 m =
.01 m/s
100s
Problem 1 (left hand side p.): Create a problem like the one above and solve to find the speed. Please use different numbers!

17. Problem 2 =I ran for 2 hours at a speed of 6 km/h. How far did I run
Problem 2 =I ran for 2 hours at a speed of 6 km/h. How far did I run? Far means distance, time or speed?

18. Types of Speed
Constant speed = unchanging speed over a certain period of time.
Speed is usually NOT CONSTANT
Ex. Cars stop and go regularly
Runners go slower uphill than downhill
Average speed = total distance traveled/total time.
Instantaneous speed= speed at any given time.

19. Instantaneous Speed Khan Academy What is instantaneous speed?
Instantaneous speed is the speed of an object at a certain time.
Speed = Distance/time
Average speed = Total distance/Total time

20. Problem 3: Tina ran 1000 m in 3 minutes
Problem 3: Tina ran 1000 m in 3 minutes. Then ran another 1000 m uphill in 7 minutes.
Did she have a constant speed?
b. Find her average speed.
A) 100 m/min
B) 2000 m/min
C) 10 m/min
D) 200 m/min
E) 20 m/min

21. Total Dist. = 1000 m m = 2000 m
Total Time = 3 min + 7 min = 10 min
Ave speed = total dist/total time =
2000m/10 min = 200 m/min

22. Problem 4
Jane ran 10 km in 2 hours, and the next 5 km in 1 hour. Did she have a constant speed? (Find speed for each part of her run, is it the same?). What is her average speed? (Total d/total t)

23. What would be the best reference point to tell if the canoe is moving or not?
The water
The sky
The shore
The lighthouse
The island

24. Motion is a change
in ________, measured
by _______ and ______

25. An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a __________ point.
Objects that we call __________ —such as a ________, a sign, or a building—make good _________ points.
The passenger can use a tree as a reference point to decide if the train is moving. A tree makes a good reference point because it is stationary from the passenger’s point of view.

26. Reference Point: A _____________ or __________ used to compare and determine if an object is in motion. Should _______ be ___________, should be ________ to compare.
A reference point
is needed to detect and
measure movement

27. Distance
When an object _______, it goes from point A to point B – that is the DISTANCE it traveled. (SI unit is the ____________ )
Distance is how ______ an object has moved during its motion. B A

28. Displacement
Displacement is how far out of place the object is; it is the object’s _________ change in position, directly from the __________ to the ending point.
In this example, the displacement is 5 km northeast, whereas the distance is = 7km

29. Speed is the __________ traveled by a moving object _______ a period of __________.
_________: Speed = Distance(m)
Time(s)

30. Calculating Speed
Speed (S) = distance traveled (d) / the amount of time it took (t). D S T
S (speed, how fast, rate)= d/t SI unit m/s
D (distance, how far)= s x t SI unit m
T (time, how long) = d/s SI unit s

31. Calculating speed S = d/t
If I travel 100 kilometer in one hour then I have a speed of…
100 km/h
If I travel 1 meter in 1 second then I have a speed of….
1 m/s
If I travel 100 km in 2 hours, I have a speed of 100 km/2 h= _______

32. Solve on left hand side page:
Problem 2 = I ran for 2 hours at a speed of 6 km/h. How far did I run? Far means…. distance, time or speed? _______ =

33. Types of Speed Speed is usually _______ CONSTANT
Constant speed = ________ speed over a certain period of time.
Speed is usually _______ CONSTANT
Ex. Cars stop and go regularly
Runners go slower uphill than downhill
Average speed = _______ distance traveled/total ________.
Instantaneous speed= speed at ______ given ________.

34. Instantaneous Speed
Instantaneous speed is the speed of an object at a certain time.
Speed = Distance/time
Average speed = Total distance/Total time

35. Did she have a constant speed? b. Find her average speed.
Problem 3: Tina ran 1000 m in 3 minutes. Then ran another 1000 m uphill in 7 minutes.
Did she have a constant speed?
b. Find her average speed.
A) 100 m/min
B) 2000 m/min
C) 10 m/min
D) 200 m/min

36. Problem: Solve on left hand side page:
Jane ran 10 km in 2 hours, and the next 5 km in 1 hour. Did she have a constant speed? (Find speed for each part of her run, is it the same?). What is her average speed? (Total d/total t)

37. OQ: How long would it take a car driving at 100 km/h to go 600 km?

38. 11/14 (p. 50) Motion Notes: Velocity/Acceleration
IQ: Did the football in the cartoon move? Did the kid move? How can you tell?

39. Did she have a constant speed? b. Find her average speed.
Last slide on notes p. 49
Problem 3: Tina ran 1000 m in 3 minutes. Then ran another 1000 m uphill in 7 minutes.
Did she have a constant speed?
b. Find her average speed.
A) 100 m/min
B) 2000 m/min
C) 10 m/min
D) 200 m/min

40. Problem: Solve on page 48 side page:
Jane ran 10 km in 2 hours, and the next 5 km in 1 hour. Did she have a constant speed? Speed in 1st part = S in 2nd part = What is her average speed? (Total d/total t) Ave. s=

41. What would be the best reference point to tell if the canoe is moving or not?
The water
The sky
The shore
The lighthouse
The island

42. Velocity is speed in
a given direction

43. It has both speed and direction. Ex. 50km/h south, 10m/s NE
Velocity
It has both speed and direction. Ex. 50km/h south, 10m/s NE

44. Do all these planes have
the same speed? Is
their
velocity
different?

45. Describing Motion
Velocity
Because velocity depends on direction as well as speed, the velocity of an object can change even if the speed of the object remains constant.
The speed of this car might be constant, but its velocity is not constant because the direction of motion is always changing.

46. Velocity Velocity is a description of an object’s speed and direction.
As the sailboat’s direction changes, its velocity also changes, even if its speed stays the same.
If the sailboat slows down at the same time that it changes direction, how will its velocity be changed?
Is it possible to just change the speed and not the velocity

47. Speed vs. Velocity Usain Bolt They might be giants

48. ___________ is speed in
a given direction

49. It has both _________ and ___________. Ex. 50km/h _______, ________ NE
Velocity
It has both _________ and ___________. Ex. 50km/h _______, ________ NE

50. Describing Motion
Velocity
Because velocity depends on direction as well as speed, the velocity of an object can change even if the speed of the object remains constant.
The speed of this car might be constant, but its _________ is not constant because the __________ of motion is always __________.

51. Velocity Velocity is a description of an object’s speed and direction.
As the sailboat’s direction changes, its velocity also changes, even if its speed stays the same.
If the sailboat slows down at the same time that it changes direction, how will its velocity be changed?
Is it possible to just change the speed and not the velocity?

52. Problem : Rocket 1 goes 2000 km in 2 hrs. towards the East
Problem : Rocket 1 goes 2000 km in 2 hrs. towards the East. Rocket 2 goes 3600 km in 3 hrs. towards the East. Do they have the same
Speed?
b. Velocity? Explain.

53. Which of the following could be the velocity of a moving object?
12 m/s
100 m NE
0.5 m/s W
1300 s N

54. 11/29 Speed Challenge lab
IQ: Word bank: Constant speed, velocity, average speed, instantaneous speed
I hiked up the mountain at a speed of 1 m/s- _____________
At t=10s the rocket was going1000 m/s-________________
The plane flew at 700 km/h E-__________
The earth rotates at 1100 mph.-___________.

55. 11/05 p. 46 Motion Notes: Acceleration
IQ: Describe the motion of each car:
Car (a) is going at ________________ speed.
Car (b) is ________________
Car (c) is ________________

56. Speed and velocity review (HW)
Fill in the blanks for Velocity notes.
Answer the problem on slide 4.

57. Instantaneous vs. Average speed or velocity

58. Acceleration is a change in speed or direction of an object.
Accel = final vel.-initial vel. m/s2
Time
m/s2

59. Calculating Acceleration
If an object is moving in a straight line
Units of acceleration:
m/s2 or m/s/s

60. Calculating Acceleration
0 s
1 s
2 s
3 s
4 s
0 m/s
4 m/s
8 m/s
12 m/s
16 m/s

61. A cheetah goes from 0 to 60 mi/h in 3s. What is its acceleration?

62. A baseball going at 60 km/h reaches the catcher’s glove in 4 seconds
A baseball going at 60 km/h reaches the catcher’s glove in 4 seconds. What is its average acceleration?

63. Calculating Acceleration
As a roller-coaster car starts down a slope, its speed is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, at the bottom, its speed is 22 m/s. What is its average acceleration?
What information have you been given?
Initial speed = 4 m/s
Final Speed = 22 m/s
Time = 3 s

64. Types of acceleration Increasing speed, positive accel.
Example: Car speeds up at green light
Decreasing speed, negative
accel./deceleration
Example: Car slows down and comes to a stop at red light, an arrow or a bullet after being shot. (Add to your notes)
Changing Direction
Example: Car takes turn (can be at constant speed)
screeeeech

65. Centripetal acceleration

66. Is the car below accelerating?

67. Physics of NFL

68. A car that starts from rest and speeds up to 30 km/hr in 10 seconds has positive acceleration.
A car that slows down, and comes to a stop from going 100 km/hr in 5 secs. has a negative acceleration or deceleration.

69. Question
How can a car be accelerating if its speed is a constant 65 km/h?
If it is changing directions it is accelerating

70. Acceleration up a hill (5 min)
Acceleration while skydiving
Complete yellow Motion map.
Tape on p. 46.

71. What happens to the motion of a baseball after it is hit by the batter and flies towards the outfield? It
Goes at a constant speed
Accelerates
Decelerates
Has a speed of zero.

72. Acceleration
Acceleration is a __________ in ________ or ___________ of an object.
Accel = final vel.-initial vel. m/s2
Time
m/s2

73. Calculating Acceleration
If an object is moving in a ________ line
Units of acceleration:
m/s2 or ______

74. Calculating Acceleration
0 s
1 s
2 s
3 s
4 s
0 m/s
4 m/s
8 m/s
12 m/s
16 m/s

75. Calculating Acceleration
As a roller-coaster car starts down a slope, its speed is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, at the bottom, its speed is 22 m/s. What is its average acceleration?
What information have you been given?
Initial speed = 4 m/s
Final Speed = 22 m/s
Time = 3 s
Acc=

76. Types of acceleration _________ speed, _________ accel.
Example: Car speeds up at
green light
____________ speed, negative
accel./_____________
Example: Car slows down and comes to a stop at ________ light
Changing ____________
Example: Car takes ________ (can be at constant speed)
screeeeech

77. Solve for Acceleration.
A car that starts from rest and speeds up to 30 km/hr in 10 seconds has __________ acceleration=
A car that slows down, and comes to a stop from going 100 km/hr in 5 SECONDS has a ____________ acceleration or
deceleration=

78. Question
How can a car be accelerating if its speed is a constant 65 km/h?

79. OQ: Which of the following is NOT accelerating?
The earth
A skier going downhill
A car sitting in the driveway
A school bus stopping.

80. Centripetal Acceleration
When you move in a circular motion, you have continuous acceleration (always changing direction)
Acceleration from spinning
Centripetal means “toward the center”

81. OQ: Draw the v/t graph for an object that starts out at a high velocity, slows down constantly and comes to a stop.