1. 2. Rapid Recall – Battles of 1066
Name the three battles of 1066 and who won each. Fulford (Vikings+Hardrada), Stamford Bridge (Anglo-Saxons+Godwinson), Hastings (Normans+William).
What helped William get papal support? That Godwinson had sowrn an oath to him in 1064, yet still siezed the throne.
What tactic did Godwinson use to defeat the Vikings at Stamford Bridge? He marched his army north, quicker than the Vikings expected and caught them by surprise without their armour on.
Who formed a shield wall during the Battle of Hastings and where? The Saxons at the top of Senlac Hill.
How long was there between the Battle of Stamford Bridge and the Battle of Hastings? Just less than three weeks: 25th Septmber – 14th October.
How did William slowly break down the shield wall? The feigned retreat tactic. Lure Saxons off the hill by faking a retreat, then the cavalry at the bottom of the hill could wipe them out.
What did William send a delegation to get and why? Papal support because it would mean more men would join his invasion.
How did William get Godwinson to come and fight him quickly so that Godwinson’s army stayed tired and without reinforcements? He harried the south coast around Pevensey Bay where the Normans landed.
Give four reasons why William won in Harold’s mistakes, William’s clever generalship, luck, composition of the armies.
What was the majority of Godwinson’s army made up of, that probably explains why they fell for the feigned retreat? The fyrd, which were just farmers who owed military service and had to fight with whatever weapons they happened to own. Not warriors like the Housecarls.