1. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Avoiding Plagiarism
“Citing your sources” means telling your reader whose ideas or words you have used and where you found them. To use someone else's words or ideas without giving them credit is dishonest. It is called plagiarism.
Two different acts are considered plagiarism:
borrowing someone’s ideas, information, or words without citing the source and
citing the source, but paraphrasing the source too closely, without using quotation marks to indicate that words and phrases have been borrowed.

2. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Avoiding Plagiarism
You must document all direct quotations.
You must also document any ideas borrowed from a source: paraphrases of sentences, summaries of paragraphs or chapters, statistics or little-known facts, and tables, graphs, or diagrams.
The only exception is common knowledge or information that your readers could find in any number of general sources because it is commonly known.
For example, everyone knows that Columbus is the capital of Ohio. It is common knowledge and would not have to be cited.

3. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Working Bibliography Sheets
A Working Bibliography Sheet is the paper on which you write all information from your sources. There are 4 kinds of information you will be recording:
Source information (all the publication info you’ll need for your Works Cited)
Source summary
Paraphrases
Direct quotations

4. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
These three ways of incorporating other writers' work into your own writing differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing.

5. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Quotations
must be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source.
must match the source document word for word
must be attributed to the original author.

6. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Paraphrasing
Involves putting a passage from source material into your own words.
Must be attributed to the original source.
Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.

7. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Summarizing
involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s).
Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source.
Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.

8. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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Why Use Quotes, Paraphrases, and Summaries?
You might use them to . . .
Refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing
Give examples of several points of view on a subject
Highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original
Distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own
Expand the breadth or depth of your writing

9. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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How to Use Quotations, Paraphrases, etc.
Read the entire text, noting the key points and main ideas.
Summarize in your own words what the single main idea of the essay is.
Paraphrase important supporting points that come up in the essay.
Consider any words, phrases, or brief passages that you believe should be quoted directly.

10. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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6 Steps to Effective Paraphrasing
Reread the original passage until you understand its full meaning.
Set the original aside, and write your paraphrase on your Working Bibliography Sheet.
Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to remind you later how you envision using this material. At the top of the note card, write a key word or phrase to indicate the subject of your paraphrase.
Check your version with the original to make sure that your version accurately expresses all the essential information in a new form.
Use quotation marks to identify any unique term or phraseology you have borrowed exactly from the source.
Record the source (including the page) on your note card so that you can credit it easily if you decide to incorporate the material into your paper.

11. Note-Taking for a Research Paper
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In-Class Assignment
For both articles:
write a brief summary,
paraphrase two sections of the article,
choose two quotations you feel are particularly important to that article
your finished document to me as an attachment at the end of class.