1. Topographic Information Systems in the Netherlands
Ferjan Ormeling
(based on material from TDN)
Map samples: copyright Topografische Dienst Nederland (TDN)

2. Production overview Aerial Photographs TOP10vector Terrain
Reconnaissance
Photogrammetry
orthophoto
Updated
Aerial Photograph
digitising
check
TOP10vector

3. Interpretation aerial photographs

4. Reconnaissance in the field
fiets

5. Pencomputer for reconnaissance

6. Updated aerial photograph

7. Digitizing aerial photographs
Digitising aerial photographs
Digitizing aerial photographs

8. Interface (Microstation)

9. Test plot TOP10vector
Test plot

10. 4-Year cycle TOP10vector

11. Top10vector (DCM)

12. Top10vector (DCM)
Topogr.Map 1:25 000

13. Production of topographic map series, Netherlands
TOP250vector
Photo-
gramme-
try
Aerial
photo-
graphs
kaarte
TOP100vector
TOP50vector
TOP10vector
TOP500vector
Maps
Vector files
Field survey
Visualisations
generalisation
Dgn, dxf, Arc/Info, NEN1878

14. Generalization from 1:25.000 to 1:500.000
1:50.000 1: 1: 1:

15. Current selection possibilities at TDN
Selection possible on
Object category code
Regional Road
Main Road
Deciduous forest
Street
Big building
Hothouses
Parking lots

16. Current data model for Top10vector
code
description
About 200 codes, for all legend items , exist

17. Object-oriented data
Individual objects can be selected and presented with their attributes
Feature
Attribute
Value
Road part
Type
Class
Road type
Connection
>7m
Regional road
ID 12345
ID 21345
Road part
Type
Use
Area
Parking
ID 23762
Water part
Type
Kind
Connection
River
ID 96735
Building
Auction
Function
ID 65385
Building
Function
Greenhouse
ID 76549
Terrain
kind
Deciduous forest
Hulsfort
ID 24356
Geogr. name
type
Local name

18. Present topographic map 1:25 000

19. TOP10 converted to objects

20. TOP10 converted to objects

21. Objects with attributes (1)

22. Object met attributen (voorbeeld 3)

23. Object met attributen (voorbeeld 4)

24. User-specifications TOP10-21st century (1) in the Netherlands
Link older and newer versions Needed
Open standards (OpenGIS) Needed
Meta data Needed
Real world objects Needed
Covering the whole country, no gaps Needed

25. User-specifications TOP10-21st century (2)
Time aspect of objects Needed
Multi-scale representation Wished
Linking with other (thematic) databasesWished
Payable use Nice-to-have
Usability Wished
Delivery via Internet Nice-to-have

26. Linking older and newer versions of Top10vector
Protection of users’ investments in the current version.
Possibilities for data exchange with customers that do not buy updates
(New) customers must be able to start using every available version Re-use of objects that did not change must be possible

27. Meta-information required
Making available data on the data on object level
Description of the classification structure of the objects;
Information on the manner and time of data gathering and on the latest check, per object;
Information on the quality of the individual object data (precision, reliability, up-to-dateness).

28. Example of objects with meta-information
Attribute
Value
Road part_id:
Type: Connection
Conn.width: 7 meter
Conn. material: Asphalt
Road type: Regional road
Streetname: Mansholtlaan
Road number: N781
Administrator: Province
Source NWB
year
Quality class 2
Accuracy 2 meter
Building_id
Surface area: m2
Type: Building
Name: Alterra-West
Streetname: Droevendaalsesteeg
House number: 3
Postcode: PB
Town: Wageningen
Source Municipality Wageningen
Year
Quality class 2
Accuracy 2 meter

29. Analogue products from TOPvector

30. Frisian and Dutch names

31. Use of colours at different maps
1:25,000
1:50,000
1:100,000
1:250,000
1:500,000
Black
yes
Red
Blue
Brown
Violet

35. Designing the data-model and its structure the following user requirements are taken into account:
Object-oriented data-model with unique ID   
More attribute
Integration TOP10vector and TOP10roads
Change-only data instead of a complete update
Historical information will be available
Meta-data on object level
Distinction Landscape Model and Cartographic Model
Seamless database, complete coverage of the Netherlands
Scale less database
Automatic generalisation
Linkage with the present TOP10vector
Linkage with other databases
Standardised way of exchange of information

36. Topographic basic objects
Specific terrain element
Road segment
Water segment
Building
Railroad segment
Terrain
Functional area
Het model onderscheid topografische basisobjecten en samengestelde objecten. De topografische basisobjecten zijn enkelvoudige objecten. Ze bevatten de beschrijvende gegevens.
Geographic area
Administrative area
Conservation area

37.  Topographic basic objects
Entity
Road segment
Railroad segmentl
Water segment
Building
Terrain
Ispecial terrain element/construction
Administrative area
Conservation area
Geographic area
Functional area

38. Objects with NAME attribute

39. Special polygon for geographical names

40. Object characteristics: wegdeel
Van alle entiteiten wordt een korte omschrijving gegeven. Indien noodzakelijk kunnen er nieuwe entiteiten, kenmerken en kenmerkwaarden worden toegevoegd aan de bestaande lijst. Inwinningscriteria, toelichtingen en definities van attributen voor de entiteiten zijn niet opgenomen in deze uitgave.

41. Shows attributes of an object

42. GML data visualised + attributes

43. Meta-information for each object

44. Comparison of urban areas

45. Comparison of rural areas; Germany (top) and the Netherlands 1:50 000