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Early American Colonies
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How the colonies are alike
Most immigrated from England Spoke a common language Similar culture Expected to provide England with raw goods (food, tobacco, lumber, naval stores, deer hides) Had to purchase finished products from England
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How the colonies are different
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New England
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New England New Hampshire Massachusetts Bay Rhode Island Connecticut
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Climate Cold Rocky soil, hilly land Short growing season
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People Mostly English Very few enslaved Africans
Household servants, laborers, skilled and semiskilled workers
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Economy fishing, sea trade, shipbuilding, shipping, blacksmiths, coopers, silversmiths, furniture makers small farms for family use
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Religion Puritans – very religious!
Most colonies here were founded for religious reasons
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Education School laws The ability to read the Bible was vital.
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Cities Small towns Port cities Boston, Providence, Newport
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Middle Atlantic
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Middle Atlantic New York New Jersey Delaware Pennsylvania
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Climate Temperate Longer growing season Fertile soil
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People Most diverse of the colonies English, Dutch, German
Some enslaved Africans
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Economy Farming considered the breadbasket (wheat, oats, corn)
Mining (iron, other minerals) Factories Timber for ships, barrels, wagons
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Religion Diverse – Quakers, Catholics, Lutherans, Jews
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Education No school laws Private tutors Church schools
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Cities Largest cities of the colonies Philadelphia New York
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Southern
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Southern Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina Georgia
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Climate On the coastal plain Warm to hot Inland fertile, dry soil
Coast poor, wet soil
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People Mostly English and Scots-Irish with a few groups of Scots and German Enslaved Africans (over 30% of local populations)
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Economy Agrarian (farming) Numerous small farms
Plantations – large farm built to produce one cash crop with high continuous demand VA, MD – tobacco GA, SC – rice, indigo timber
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Religion Many religions represented Mostly Anglican, Presbyterian
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Education No school laws Very few schools and most had no education
Wealthy Private tutors Sent to private schools
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Cities Few towns and cities Charleston – only major city
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Georgia How did it compare?
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Climate Summer heat Biting insects
Strange plants and animals – alligator, opossum, buffalo, raccoon, rattlesnake
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People Immigrants from many countries
England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, France
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Economy Agrarian
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Religion Variety – Anglicans, Jews, Lutherans, Moravians, Baptists, Presbyterians
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Education Very little education Most had none
Wealthy had tutors or private school
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Cities Small communities far apart Savannah Augusta
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War with France
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1754 Great Britain and France went to war.
The war started in North America then spread to Europe
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French and Indian War Called this by colonists because so many Indians fought with France against the British Most fighting was way north of Georgia Spain joined France but the British won
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Treaty of Paris France gave up claims to Canada and all territory EAST of the Mississippi River except New Orleans Spain gave up Florida Georgia’s western boundary became the Mississippi River
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Problem what to do with the new territory
the war cost Great Britain lots of money
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Proclamation of 1763 4 new territories were created
Quebec Grenada East Florida West Florida Georgia’s southern boundary was extended to the St. Mary’s River All lands west of the Appalachian Mts. were reserved for Indians
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