1. Animal Farm By George Orwell Allegory - Satire - Fable
“All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others.”

2. ( )

3. Real Name: Eric Blair
British Political Novelist
Born: To English parents in India

4. After his father retired, Eric and his family moved back to England.

5. He was sent to boarding school at the age of eight to prepare for Eton, an exclusive prep school.
Because he had a scholarship, he was teased and humiliated frequently.
                                     

6.                                           At eighteen, he passed the Empire’s Civil Service Exam and became a police officer in Burma.          

7. 1927
Returned in Europe

8. He chose to live in poverty because he felt guilty for the job he had
done in Burma -
for having been a
part of an oppressive government.

9. oppressed and helpless
He saw poverty
as a way to
understand the
problems of the
oppressed and helpless
by becoming
one of them.

10. Orwell was a Socialist
Socialist: someone who believes that the government should own businesses so that everyone will be equal.

11. Two Things That
Influenced Orwell
To Write
Animal Farm:
His hatred for:
Injustice
Political Lying

12. in which separate classes
He desired a society
in which separate classes
would not exist.

13. His second
famous book:

14. It's a Fable It's an Allegory
Most fables have two levels of meaning. On the surface, the fable is about animals, but on a second level, the animals stand for types of people or ideas. The way the animals interact and the way the plot unfolds says something about the nature of people or the value of ideas. Any type of fiction that has multiple levels of meaning in this way is called an allegory.

15. It's a Satire
A composition making fun of something, usually political.
Animal Farm makes fun of political society after the Bolshevik Revolution.

16. Historical Context
Russian society in the early twentieth century had two social classes: a tiny minority (bourgeoisie) controlled the country’s wealth.
The working class was called the proletariat.

17. Communism arose in Russia when the nation’s workers & peasants rebelled against and overwhelmed the wealthy and powerful class of capitalists & aristocrats.

18. This was based
on Karl Marx and his

19. The call for
action was . . .

20. Tsar Nicholas II,
monarch of Russia,
was forced
to abdicate
the throne.

21. His daughter,
Anastasia, was
lost.

22. Lenin, a Russian
revolutionary,
took power
in the name of
the
Communist
Party.

23. When Lenin died,
Joseph Stalin &
Leon Trotsky
competed for
control of the
Soviet Union.

24. Stalin banished
Trotsky &
took control.
He began his
brutal killings,
overseeing the
deaths of
approximately
twenty million
Soviet citizens.

25. Themes
1. Freedom &
individual dignity
must be guarded
very carefully.

26. Themes
2. Language is a
powerful tool;
used improperly,
it can enslave
and confuse us.

27. Themes
3. Weakness can be
dominated by
strength, fear,
and trickery.

28. Themes
4. Hope & vision
must be kept alive,
or we might
live like the
animals of
Manor Farm.

29. Themes
5. Power corrupts,
and absolute power
corrupts
absolutely.

30. Characters

31. Types of Characters Characters: the personalities in a novel
Developing Character (Round): a character who changes in some way during the course of the story; usually a major character who has several sides or traits to his personality
Static Character (Flat): a character (usually a minor character) who does not change during the story; this kind off character generally has only one or two personality traits.
Protagonist: a character who is trying to achieve some goal (usually the main character)
Antagonist: a character who is trying to stop the protagonist

32. Farmer Jones = Czar Nicholas II
The irresponsible owner of the farm
Lets his animals starve and beats them with a whip
Sometimes shows random kindness
Czar Nicholas II
Weak Russian leader during the early 1900s
Often cruel and brutal to his subjects
Displays isolated kindess

33. Snowball = Leon Trotsky
Boar who becomes one of the rebellion’s most valuable leaders.
After drawing complicated plans for the construction of a windmill, he is chased off of the farm forever by Napoleon’s dogs and thereafter used as a scapegoat for the animals’ troubles.
Leon Trotsky
A pure communist leader who was influenced by the teachings of Karl Marx.
He wanted to improve life for people in Russia, but was driven away by Lenin’s KGB.

34. Old Major = Karl Marx Old Major Karl Marx
An old boar whose speech about the evils perpetrated by humans rouses the animals into rebelling.
His philosophy concerning the tyranny of Man is named Animalism.
He teaches the animals the song “Beasts of England”
Dies before revolution
Karl Marx
The inventor of communism
Wants to unite the working class to overthrow the government.
Dies before the Russian Revolution

35. Napoleon = Joseph Stalin
Boar who leads the rebellion against Farmer Jones
After the rebellion’s success, he systematically begins to control all aspects of the farm until he is an undisputed tyrant.
Joseph Stain
The communist dictator of the Soviet Union from who killed all who opposed him.
He loved power and used the KGB (secret police) to enforce his ruthless, corrupt antics.

36. Other Characters Boxer A strong and hard-working carthorse,
                      
Boxer A strong and hard-working carthorse,
he shows tremendous
faith in the rebellion and its leaders.

37. Other Characters Squealer A pig with the ability to make any
                      
Squealer A pig with the ability to make any
idea sound reasonable,
he is Napoleon's side-kick
and is in charge of communicating
to the animals.

38. Animalism = Communism Animalism Communism Taught my Old Major
No rich, but no poor
Better life for workers
All animals are equal
Everyone owns the farm
Communism
Invented by Karl Marx
All people are equal
Government owns everything
People own the government

39. Animal Farm Revolution = Russian Revolution
Was supposed to make life better for all, but . . .
Life was worse at the end.
The leaders became the same as, or worse than the other farmers (humans) they rebelled against.
Russian Revolution
Was supposed to fix the problems created by the Czar, but . . .
Life was even worse after the revolution.
Stalin made the Czar look like a nice guy.

40. Animal Farm Trailer