1. Napoleon’s Defeat

2. Napoleon
England, Austria, Russia, Prussia and Sweden join forces to form a coalition against Napoleon.
1814: Napoleon surrenders to the Fourth Coalition.
Napoleon is exiled on the island of Elba

3. Napoleon The Hundred Days
Napoleon escapes from Elba, lands in France and raises an army.

4. Waterloo

5. Napoleon
Napoleon is outsmarted by the Duke of Wellington, who leads the British army.
The British and Prussians defeat Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo

6. After his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon was sent to prison in St
After his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon was sent to prison in St. Helena, where he got sick and died.

7. Congress of Vienna

8. Congress of Vienna Date: Winter 1814 – 1815 Location: Vienna, Austria
Host: Klemens von Metternich

10. Von Metternich Foreign Minister of Austria for almost 40 years.
Well educated statesman
Spoke five languages
Thought of himself as a European rather than just an Austrian

12. Congress of Vienna Goals: Prevent future French aggression
Restore a balance of power
Principal of Legitimacy
Principal of Intervention

13. Congress of Vienna Preventing French aggression:
This could be done by strengthening the countries that surrounded France

14. Congress of Vienna United the Netherlands
Austria, Prussia and 37 German kingdoms formed a confederacy
Switzerland became an independent nation
Italian kingdoms expanded

15. Congress of Vienna Balance of Power:
To prevent any one country from dominating (being a threat to others).
Did not punish France too harshly

16. Congress of Vienna Principal of Legitimacy:
Royalty that Napoleon conquered should and would be restored to their thrones.
Louis XVIII became the constitutional monarch of France.

17. Congress of Vienna Principal of Intervention:
The Great Powers of Europe had to right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions
To restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones.

18. BRITAIN’S REFUSAL BRITAIN REFUSED TO ACCEPT THE PRINCIPAL
ARGUED THAT THE GREAT POWERS SHOULD NOT INTERFERE IN THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF OTHER COUNTRIES

19. Congress of Vienna Results:
No major wars fought in Europe for almost 40 years.
Concert of Europe –

20. PEACE AND STABILITY THE CONSERVATIVE WAY
Congress of Vienna
PEACE AND STABILITY THE CONSERVATIVE WAY

21. CONCERT OF EUROPE Maintain the new balance of power
Meet at times in conferences to take steps to maintain the peace in Europe
Agreed to help each other if any revolutions broke out (exception Britain WANTED TO KEEP A SECRET—the IR)

22. Congress of Vienna
Conservatives: Believed in tradition and stability-- rich landowners/nobles.
Supported monarchies
Organized religion
Liberals: Believed in the importance of protecting the basic rights of people--Based on Enlightenment principles--Middle class leaders/ merchants.
Increase the power of Parliaments
Religious tolerance

23. CONSERVATIVE AND LIBERAL FEAR
MOB RULE
SHARING POWER WITH THE LOWER CLASSES
A DEMOCRACY IN WHICH EVERYONE HAD THE RIGHT TO VOTE

24. Congress of Vienna Spread of Nationalism
People under foreign control wanted independence
Conservatives vs. Liberals vs. Radicals.

25. Congress of Vienna Radicals: could be from any class.
Wanted drastic change to extend democracy to everyone.