1. FAYE ABDULLAH’S TYPOLOGY OF NURSING PROBLEMS (1960)

3. FAYE G ABDULLAH 1942- diploma in nursing 1945- BS 1947- MA
1955- EdD (diploma in education)
Then appointed as clinical chief nursing officer
Retired in 1989.
She proposed the theory to bring a strong knowledge base to the profession.
She used the problem solving technique.
Typology firstly proposed in 1960.

4. CENTRAL THEME
Nursing is a problem solving art and science used to identify the nursing problems of the patient as they move toward health and cope with illness- related health needs.

5. GENERAL INFORMATION- THEORY
List of nursing problems or health care needs of the patient.
According to Abdullah, nursing problem is any condition presented or faced by a client or a family for which a nurse can offer assistance.

6. GENERAL INFORMATION- THEORY
She describes 21 nursing problems.
The problems are divided into 3
Physical, social and emotional need of the patient
Interpersonal relationship between nurse & patient.
Common elements of client care.
Problems can be of 2 types
Overt (visible)
Covert (invisible/ cannot be recognized)

7. GENERAL INFORMATION- THEORY
Problem solving
The analyzer identifies overt and covert problems and interprets, analyzes and selects an appropriate course of action to solve these problems.
Abdullah emphasizes the nurse rather than the client.
According to her, a nurse must be able to solve problems to render the best professional nursing care.

8. 21 NURSING PROBLEMS Adequate hygiene and physical comfort.
Optimal activity, exercise, rest and sleep.
Safety by preventing accidents, injury or other trauma and by preventing the spread of infection.
Good body mechanics, prevention and correction of deformities.
Adequate oxygen supply to all body cells.
Nutrition for all body cells.
Elimination.

9. 21 NURSING PROBLEMS
8. Fluid and electrolyte balance. 9. Recognition of the body’s physiologic responses to disease (pathological, physiologic, and compensatory) 10. Regulatory mechanism and functions. 11. Sensory functions. 12. Identification and acceptance of the interrelatedness of emotions and organic illness. 13. Identification and acceptance of positive and negative expressions, feelings and reactions.

10. 21 NURSING PROBLEMS
14.Effective verbal and non verbal communication. 15. Productive interpersonal relationship. 16. Progress towards personal spiritual goals. 17. A therapeutic environment. 18. Awareness of oneself as an individual with varying physical, emotional limitations. 19. Acceptance of the optimum possible goals in light of physical and emotional limitations. 20.Community resources as an aid in resolving problems arising from illness. 21. Understanding of social problems as influencing factors in illness.

11. PARADIGMS
PERSON
Is one who has physical, emotional and sociological needs.
Person is the recipient of nursing care.
It may include family or individual.
Person is capable of learning and of self help to varying degrees.

12. PARADIGMS ENVIRONMENT
It includes atmosphere of a client’s room, home and community.
Abdullah also discusses a therapeutic environment but does not define it.
HEALTH
Is a state in which the person has no unmet needs and no anticipated or actual impairment.
A state that excludes illness.

13. PARADIGMS NURSING Is a helping profession.
It is a comprehensive service that combines art and science.
According to her, nursing does something to or for a client or provides information that helps meet the clients needs.
Increases or restores self help ability or alleviates impairments.
Uses the nursing process, a problem solving approach.
Can use 21 nursing problems as a guide for nursing care.

14. THANK YOU