1. Chapter 7 Personal Health
Page 161

2. Lesson 1: Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails
Integumentary system- skin, hair, and nails
Skin
First layer of defense
Regulates body temp
Sweat glands-
Skin care
Every morning and evening, should wash your face
Vitamin A helps with skin care
Sun screen- UV rays cause sun burn, still can burn on cloudy days
2-8 hours for burn to show
Sun can cause cancer
Premature aging of skin

3. Body Piercing and tattoos
Puncturing of skin- can cause infection
HIV-
Skin Problems
Acne
Sebaceous glands
Hair
100, ,000 hairs on head alone
Follicles
Wash and brush hair regularly
Problems
Dandruff- dead skin is shed, white flakes show up on hair and clothing
Head lice

4. Nails
Finger and toe nails are dead cells that push up from below the skin
Keep nails evenly trimmed
Keep cuticles pushed back and clip hangnails
Don’t cut nails too short

5. Lesson 2: Healthy Teeth and Mouth
Periodontium- area around the teeth
Gums, periodontal ligament, and jawbone
Tooth- root, neck, crown
Healthy teeth
Flossing and brush teeth at least twice a day
Plague
Fluoride- helps prevent tooth decay
Need to visit dentist 1-2 times a year
Cut down on sugar
Foods with Phosphorus, Vitamin C and D

6. Teeth Problems Periodontal disease- inflammation Halitosis- bad breath
Bacteria in mouth
Plague hardens into tartar- takes 24 to 36 hours
Decay wears away enamel
Abscessed- pus collects in and around the bone socket and tooth
Halitosis- bad breath
Gingivitis and Periodontitis- gums become swollen and bleed
Malocclusion- upper and lower jaw do not align properly

7. Healthy Eyes 80% of info from eyes
Eye sockets, eyebrows, eyelids, eyelashes
Lacrimal gland- produces tears
Tear ducts
Parts of the Eye
Optic Nerve- connects eye with brain
Eyeball wall
Sclera- white outer coat for protection- front part is cornea- focuses the eye
Choroid- middle layer, contains iris- colored part of eye
Retina- light sensitive membrane on which images are projected
Rods- sensitive to light, cones- sensitive to color

8. Healthy Eyes Problems Checkups once a year
Wear correct glasses and lenses
Take breaks from reading
Watch TV in well lit rooms
Problems
Near or farsightedness – myopia- corrected by concave lenses
Hyperopia- corrected by convex lenses
Astigmatism- curvature of lenses uneven, objects blurred
Strabismus- muscles of eyes don’t work together
Amblyopia- reduced vision in weaker eye from strabismus
Cataracts- clouding of lenses
Glaucoma- pressure of fluid in eye too high, damage optic nerve
Detached Retina- retina detaches from outer layers of the eye

9. Lesson 4: Healthy Ears 3 Parts
The Outer Ear- auricle- fleshy part you sea, collects the sound
External auditory canal- tunnel that to ear drum
Lined with hair and produces wax to stop germs
Tympanic membrane-ear drum
Middle Ear- ossicles- three small bones that link ear drm with inner ear
Malleus, incus, stapes
Inner Ear- labyrinth
Cochlea- turns vibrations into nerve impulses
Vestibule and semicircular canals- balance

10. Hearing Balance Healthy Ears
Ear transforms vibrations into nerve impulses
Binaural hearing- two ears, differences can determine where sound is coming from
Balance
Semicircular canal- has hairs and fluids- as fluid moves over hair, can determine your balance
Healthy Ears
Keep clean
Keep covered in cold
Avoid loud noises

11. Problems Deafness- loss of hearing Two types
Conductive- sound waves not passed from outer ear to inner ear
Otosclerosis- hereditary- overgrowth of bone causes the ossicles to lose ability to move
Sensorineural deafness- inner messages not sent to brain
Tinnitus- ringing sensation in ear