1. The First Civilizations

2. Civilization Neolithic Revolution Permanent settlements Agriculture
Food Surpluses
Permanent settlements

3. Partner Discussion Question
Examine the picture on the following slide. What key features do you see that cities would require? What are other necessary things that are not depicted in the picture? Write down your thoughts in your notes.

4. List features cities require seen in image
List features cities require seen in image. List features cities require not seen in image.

5. Needs of Early Cities Fresh water Organization Villages become cities
Trade
Farming
People
Villages become cities

6. Cities become first civilizations
New Farming Inventions
Plows
Sickles
Irrigation canals
Required Cooperation
Shared canals used by many fields
More food
Surpluses
Cities become first civilizations

7. What Makes a Civilization?
Reliable Food Surpluses
Cities
Specialization of Labor
Social Classes
Complex Institutions / Government
Bureaucracy
Record Keeping / Writing
Monumental Building
Pyramids / Irrigation Systems

8. Reliable Food Surpluses
Supports growing population

9. Cities Organized areas Marketplace Areas for farming Areas for living
Area for trade
What do we call these???
Marketplace
Trade
Social

10. Specialization of Labor
Food Surpluses – What does this allow for???
Specialized workers
Artisans
Metal workers
Weavers
Potters
New inventions
Creates Social Classes
But…
Most still farming

11. Complex Institutions Government Religion Economy/ Trade Common beliefs
Nature gods
Temples
Economy/ Trade
Barter (trade)

12. Record Keeping Why??? Scribes - professional recorders
Tax collection
Laws
Grain storage
Calendars
Scribes - professional recorders
Written languages
Pictographs
Stylus

13. Mesopotamian City