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5.8 Circuits:
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A circuit is made up of a power supply, connecting wires & various components that allow current to leave a power source, travel through the components & return back to the power source.

2. Common Electric Symbols
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Common Electric Symbols
Battery/Power Source
Bulb

3. Common symbols (cont’d)
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Common symbols (cont’d)
Switch
Push-button Switch
Resistor
Voltmeter
Ammeter V A

4. What are we doing? Send 1 person to pick up: 1 battery 1 light bulb
2 wires
Sandpaper
Make the light bulb light up!
Once you do … go get a switch and more wires and add it to your circuit.
Draw a circuit diagram. HAND IT IN.
Return the materials.

6. Write this in your notebook.
Circuits
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Power Supply
Switch A v
Light bulb
Ammeter
Resistor
Voltmeter

7. Types of Circuits: There are 2 types of circuits: SERIES PARALLEL
Trick to help identify type of circuit:
Series: Pen follows wire
Parallel: Pen can go in more than one direction
There are 2 types of circuits:
1. Series Circuit
2. Parallel Circuit
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SERIES
PARALLEL

8. Write this in your notebook.
Series Circuits:
Components are connected end to end
Current only follows one path
If one part of the circuit is broken, the entire circuit will stop functioning
Eg: Some Christmas tree lights
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9. Write this in your notebook.
Parallel Circuits:
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Circuit that contains at least one branch
Current can follow at least 2 different paths
If part of the circuit is defective another part may still be able to operate.
Eg: headlights on a car

10. Example Series or Parallel? 2. 1. PARALLEL SERIES A 3. 4. SERIES

11. Volts, Ohm’s and Amps in a Series Circuit
In a series circuit, the Amps remain constant throughout the whole circuit
Amps = 2A
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Amps = 2A
Amps = 2A

12. VT= V1 + V2 + V3 + …
However, in a series circuit at each resistor the volts change. When you add up all the voltage at each resistor, you end up getting the total volts going through the circuit.
Volts1 = 2V
Volts total = 7V
Amps = 2A
Volts2 = 3V
Amps = 2A
Amps = 2A
Volts3 = 2V

13. In a parallel series, each line of wire has a different amount of amps
In a parallel series, each line of wire has a different amount of amps. When added the amps together, you get the total amount of amps in the entire circuit.
Amps3 = 1A
Amps2 = .5A
Amps1 = .5A

14. However, in a parallel circuit if you have a total of 3 volts in the circuit, each resistor will only have 3 volts
Volts3 = 3V
Amps3 = 1A
Volts2 = 3V
Amps2 = .5A
Amps1 = .5A
Volts1 = 3V
Volts Total = 3V

15. 5.9 Kirchhoff’s Laws about Volts, Ohms & Amps.
For circuits in:
Series:
Amps stay the same everywhere in the circuit.
Volts are split over each resistor but add up to Vtotal.
Parallel:
Amps split at each resistor but add up to Atotal.
Volts stay the same everywhere in the circuit.