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Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ►

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1 Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ►
HISTORY ◄ THE USA AND THE WORLD SINCE 1945 ► Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ► 1. The nature of power World War II / the Second World War 1939/ Bipolar world Unipolar/multipolar world Cold War /91 a world power the USA, a superpower a hyperpower Notions & Vocabulary world power, superpower, hyperpower ; unipolar, bipolar, multipolar world

2 Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ►
HISTORY ◄ THE USA AND THE WORLD SINCE 1945 ► Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ► 2. The foreign policy of a world power  The first trend - Isolationism - Complemented by the Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine should be the cardinal feature of the foreign policy of all the nations of the two Americas, as it is of the United States. Just seventy-eight years have passed since President Monroe in his Annual Message announced that "The American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European power." President Theodore Roosevelt’s First Annual Message (December 3, 1901) to Congress US splendid isolation, Dr Seuss, 1940 Notions & Vocabulary isolationism, foreign versus domestic policy/affairs, to be involved/to intervene, Monroe doctrine

3 Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ►
HISTORY ◄ THE USA AND THE WORLD SINCE 1945 ► Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ► 2. The foreign policy of a world power  The second trend - Interventionism - Based on manifest destiny Yes, we are the nation of progress, of individual freedom. [...] We must fulfill our mission […]. This is our high destiny, […] we must accomplish it. All this will be our future history, to establish on earth the moral dignity and salvation of man […]. For this blessed mission to the nations of the world, […] has America been chosen […]. Who, then, can doubt that our country is destined to be the great nation of the future? John L. O'Sullivan, "The Great Nation of Futurity", United States Democratic Review, 1839 US imperialism, PCF poster 1952 Notions & Vocabulary interventionism, imperialism, manifest destiny, containment/Truman doctrine

4 Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ►
HISTORY ◄ THE USA AND THE WORLD SINCE 1945 ► Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ► 2. The foreign policy of a world power  The second trend - Can be uni- or multilateral Isolation, by Nick Anderson, The Louisville Journal, United we stand, US poster 1945 Notions & Vocabulary interventionism ; unilateralism ; multilateralism, cooperation, coalition

5 Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ►
HISTORY ◄ THE USA AND THE WORLD SINCE 1945 ► Introduction ◄ The USA, a world power ► 3. The means/tools of a world power Power is one’s ability to affect the behaviour of others to get what one wants. There are three basic ways to do this: coercion, payment and attraction. Hard power is the use of coercion and payment. Soft power is the ability to obtain preferred outcomes through attraction. If a state can set the agenda for others or shape their preferences, it can save a lot of carrots and sticks. But rarely can it totally replace either. Thus the need for smart strategies that combine the tools of both hard and soft power. Joseph Nye, “Soft Power: The Means to Succeed in World Politics”, 2004. Notions & Vocabulary hard power (the stick), soft power (the carrot), smart power

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