1. Virtual Training Room David Hernandez, Joshua Opada, Dorian Ozoude
Group #43
TA: Kexin Hui

2. Introduction
In recreation centers, the floors tend to be boring with outdated layouts that have been unchanged for years
We saw an opportunity to create an interactive and visually appealing gym floor constructed of LED tiles
This LED floor would be an efficient way to change the floorplan to any type of display for any sport
This interactive aspect of this floor would be used to implement different types of sports training programs

3. Objective
The core objective for this project is a proof-of-concept model since our resources and time are limited
This model generates floorplans for sports such as:
Basketball
Volleyball
Track
Also incorporated a user-interactive jump rope game

4. Block Diagram

5. Circuit

6. Tile Frame
Features:
Supports weight and physical stress adults exercising
Translucent to allow visible light from LEDs to shine through while still masking circuitry
Allows sufficient space for the LEDs the load cells and other circuitry
Interlock on any side with other tiles

8. Design Considerations
Through research, we found polycarbonate to be a sufficient material for our impact resistance requirements
For interlocking the tiles we added a male and a female connector on each side

9. LED Array Each tile has a 5x5 array of WS2812B RGB LEDs
25 LEDs are connected in parallel in a line throughout the tile to form a square
Each tile has a resolution of 5x5 with each LED representing 1 pixel
Each LED is spaced 2.5” apart from each other
This LED spacing continues when one tile is connected to another tile

10. LED Array

11. PWM Timing
The timing for the PWM is important to send the proper data to the LED arrays.
To send a low code in the PWM is high for 0.35 µs and low for and low for 0.9 µs.
Visa versa for a high code
Doing the math, the LED array would be updated at a frequency of 1.3 kHz which is fast enough for smooth movement.

12. Load Cells
The load cells used in the tiles were TAS606 sensors that were rated for 200 kg
Each load cell was placed at each corner of a tile.
Data was taken from each of the 4 load cells to determine where the user is on the tile.

13. Load Cells

14. Load Cell Amplifier
The HX711 amplifier was used to amplify the signals being sent from the sensors.
Allows the data to be usable by the microcontroller
Allows for calibration of the sensors through the microcontroller

15. Bluetooth
A HC-05 Bluetooth module to allow for Android phones to communicate to the tiles wirelessly
We required to module to be able to communicate with an Android phone from at least 10 ft away

16. Application The application allows the user to connect to Bluetooth.
It also displays the state of the LED array
Buttons can be pressed to change the state from an Android smartphone

17. Microcontroller
An ATMega328p was used as a microcontroller to control each tile
Each of the microcontrollers have to communicate to each other for dynamic lighting
The microcontroller had to be able to output the PWM signals that contained the data to change the color and brightness of the LED array
The microcontroller also needed to be able to communicate with the Bluetooth module

18. Flow Chart

19. Powering the LED Array LEDs Requires 5 V
Draws 60 mA when the LEDs are a full brightness will all RGB settings set to their maximum value
We used these rated voltages and currents to calculate the max power to be drawn from the LED Arrays
(5 volts DC) * (60 mA max per LED) * (50 LEDs) = (5 V DC) * (3 A) = 15 W, max power from LEDs

20. Powering the Control Circuit
As noted in the block diagram, power is individually routed into each tile
In each tile, the power is further routed to the LED Array, the Bluetooth module, the microcontroller, and the load cells
The current drawn by the remaining circuitry
Bluetooth module: maximum of 30 mA
Load Cells: 3 mA per load cell (4 load cells are used)
Microcontroller(ATMega328p): 46.5 mA per chip (2 chips are used)
Total: 30 mA + 4 * 3 mA + 2 * 46.5 mA = 135 mA
Total Power Drawn = (135 mA + 3 A) * 5 V = W

21. Power Supply Converts 120 V AC to 5 V DC
Takes grid voltage by plugging directly into the wall and sends 5 V output to the circuitry in each tile
Current Rating
For safety considerations, we rated the Power Supply at 6 A to avoid reaching the limits of the source

22. Results and Important Verifications
The tile allowed for an adult to jump on the tile 5 times as per verification
LEDs were controlled properly using microcontroller in order to display an image of each court, track or game
Load cells calibrated so that it throws away any weight measurement less than 30 lbs.

23. Conclusion and Further Work
Lower Price
The most expensive part are the load cells  at $50 each.  We would like to attempt to work with cheaper load cells. We aren’t worried too much about the precision of weight measurement.
Modular
In the future we would like the tiles to have connectors at the center of each side of the tile that interconnects power and data between the tiles without taking them apart.
Interactive Implementations
The success of the jump-rope game functionality offers promise for further user-interactive training programs such as a track floor that remembers a user’s previous running time and uses that data to challenge the user to further beat their running time.

24. Thank You