1. Canada & The Homefront

2. THE WAR AT HOME
When Canada had entered the war, the country was in an economic recession, but by 1916, the economy was booming
After Prime Minister Borden replaced the Shell Committee with the more efficient Imperial Munitions Board, munitions factories started building ships and airplanes as well as shells.

4. Hundreds of thousands of Canadians were employed in these factories to fill the huge orders that poured in from England and Belgium
The production and export of Canadian goods reached record highs. Resources such as lumber, nickel, copper, and lead were also in high demand, as was Canadian wheat and beef.

6. PAYING FOR THE WAR
While production levels were at an all time high, the Canadian government was unable to raise sufficient money to pay for its contribution to the war
New technology and the large number of troops involved made this war a very expensive conflict

7. Rationing was in effect during both the First and Second World War, making it hard to obtain sugar, butter, eggs, and other scarce food items that were needed to hep feed the men fighting overseas
Goods such as rubber, gas, metal, and nylon were also difficult to come by because they were needed for the war effort

8. VICTORY BONDS
In a campaign that appealed to patriotism and thrift, Canadians were urged to buy Victory bonds that they could cash in with interest when the war was over

9. INCOME TAX
The government also introduced income tax- a measure that was supposed to be temporary
Well off families and individuals had to pay a tax of 3 per cent of their income

10. INTERESTING FACT
Germany was the first country to enact daylight saving time to conserve electricity during World War I
Soon after, Britain and most of its allies followed suit

12. Women & WWI
So many men gone to war, Canada was crying for workers

13. THE CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN
With so many men overseas, women had to take on new roles in wartime Canada.
Some organized committees to send food and letters overseas; others became involved in volunteer organizations such as the Red Cross

14. The most significant change, however, was in women’s contribution to the labour force
Before 1914, women had been employed at low-skill, low-paying jobs in food and clothing industries, and as domestic servants

15. Canadian farms felt their own pressure to meet the growing need for food for the war effort, while also losing many of their young male workers to military service
Many farm women were faced with the reality that they had to maintain the family farm themselves as well as raise the children, while the husbands, sons, and hired labourers were off at war.

16. When Canada’s increased industrial production created a demand for labour, women were hired for all types of work, from operating fishing boats in Atlantic Canada to running prairie farms
Without the efforts of women on the home front, Canada’s wartime economy would have collapsed

18. Most employers assumed that the women would leave these jobs and return to work in their homes when the war ended

19. WOMEN GET THE VOTE
The changing roles of women during the war strengthened the campaign for women’s suffrage
The women of Manitoba had been at the forefront of women’s struggle to win the right to vote
Conservative Premier Dufferin Roblin refused to even consider allowing women to vote in any election

20. Then in 1915, the Liberals in Manitoba campaigned in the election with the promise that women would have the right to vote , which they received in January 1916.
Alberta and Saskatchewan gave women the right to vote in and Ontario and British Columbia also won the right to vote in provincial elections
All Canadian women won the right to vote in federal elections in in recognition of their patriotic effort during the war.

21. Women get the vote!! During the war Borden changed his mind
At first only certain women were enfranchised

22. VOTE!
The Wartime Elections Act of 1917 gave Canadian nurses with the armed forces and the wives, sisters, and mothers of Canadian soldiers a vote in upcoming federal election
During election campaign Borden pledged to extend the vote to all women if elected
After the war Borden extended the vote to women over age of 21

23. THE FAMOUS FIVE AND THE PERSONS CASE
Included Irene Parlby, Henrietta Muir Edwards, Emily Murphy, Louise McKinney, and Nellie McClung
Pushed forward the person’s case- a case taken to Supreme Court by these women so that all women would considered “persons” in matters of rights and privileges in addition to getting the right to vote
Woman’s Suffrage Movement- Nellie McClung

25. WOMEN’S SUFFERAGE MOVEMENT
Women’s Suffrage Movement- Nellie McClung
Led the movement to enfranchise Canadian women in Manitoba- achieved in 1916