1. the high-voltage network of CERN ToMORROW
François Duval
Head of the Electrical Engineering Group
EN Department
CERN

2. The Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System
Outline
Objectives
Principles
Evolution of the Power Consumption
CERN network evolution steps (long shutdowns)
Consolidation & Upgrade
Project Organisation
Project Schedule
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

3. Objectives Improve safety, reliability and availability
Simplify and standardise the topology of the 18 kV networks
Upgrade the 3.3 kV safety power main serving the SPS, the North Area (NA) and the Prévessin site
Upgrade and re-dimension the transmission network so as to provide the power CERN will require in the coming years
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

4. Principles 1. Separate the loads by type
The networks used for general services, safety, stable & pulsed/machine have to be clearly separated and be operated separately.
Only general services networks are secured by AUTOTRANSFERT.
These different networks may be interconnected during periods of shutdowns or major failures.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

5. Principles 2. Create a transmission network
Upstream from the 18 kV distribution networks, a primary network called “transmission” must ensure exchanges and deliveries of power between sites.
This transmission network will be dimensioned at 60 MVA in accordance with the needs and the capacity of our main transformers (70 MVA)
Transmission and distribution networks have to be separated.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

6. Principles 3. Implement redundancy
1 of 3
Inter-site links
The transport network architecture will make any reconfiguration possible after the failure of one of the major component of this network.
Very high-voltage transformers
All Very High Voltage transformers 400/66 kV et 400/18 kV distribution must be coupled with a redundant solution able to carry the load in case of failure.
Sources of power for the transmission substations
The main substations will have at least 3 independent power sources in order to face any major failure by reconfiguring the network. The maintenance and yearly tests will be facilitated as well.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

7. Principles 3. Implement redundancy
2 of 3
400 kV power source
The 400 kV feeder is the only source capable of meeting CERN’s entire power requirements. To facilitate maintenance of the BE substation and provide a backup way of supplying power from the French RTE grid, CERN requires an alternative feeder from the Bois-Tollot substation.
Backup supply for AUTOTRANSFERT
At least two of the transmission grid substations will have to have an 18 kV supply feeder from SIG, so to provide one level of redundancy and improve the availability for AUTOTRANSFERT.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

8. Principles 3. Implement redundancy
3 of 3
Ring-topology supply for 18 kV substations
The 18 kV secondary distribution networks are supplied using a closed-loop topology. The loops must not be dependent on a single substation. The loops will have access to an alternative source in case of failure.
The supply of the computer centre
The supply of the sensitive electrical loads of the computer centre in Building 513 needs to be made/kept independent of the loads of the PS complex, and also requires a third source of power
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

9. Principles 4. Upgrade New equipment Ageing Components : Selectivity
The present protection system made of heterogeneous equipment is in some cases only able of chronometric selectivity which is not compatible with the many steps of CERN network. An upgrade is necessary using more widely differential protections for busbars, transformers and interconnects.
New equipment
New equipment will be dimensioned to have a 50% margin in capacity.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

10. Evolution of the demand
Two phases:
LHC operation at 7 TeV after the first long shutdown (LS1, end-2014),
operation of HL-LHC after the second long shutdown (LS2, end-2018).
Upgrades are mandatory during LS1 in order :
to prepare for LHC operations at 7 TeV from 2014 onwards, and
to be able to carry-out consolidation and upgrades between LS1 and LS2 without affecting operation.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

11. The case of the 400/66 kV transformer set after LS2
The cost of transferring 30 MVA to the Swiss grid for 18 months (the length of time that would be needed to manufacture a new 400/66 kV transformer) has been calculated; it is comparable to the price of a spare transformer.
For operation during the HL-LHC era, the estimated total load on the 66 kV network will exceed the combined nominal power of the two transformers. The need for an additional 400/66 kV supply will then become imperative.
All of the 66 kV LHC substations and BE9 will be able to handle the power increase. LHC1 will reach 90% of its capacity but an additional margin will be given by upgrade projects (additional source to Meyrin site)
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

12. The cryogenic nature of the LHC impacts consolidation and upgrades
The world largest cryogenic system is cooling down the LHC. The system has very long time constants making interruption of power impossible. The recooling of the LHC to nominal operating temperature (1.9 K for most of its components) takes 2 months and is costly.
In order to avoid this, the runs of the LHC are organized to be very long (3 to 4 years) separated by long shut downs (1,5-2 years). During the run, technical stops (1 week) and Christmas break (2 months) allow light maintenance operations. During these technical stops, the cryo system remains in operation and any upgrade or consolidation affecting or risking to affect its operation is prohibited.
Therefore, all commissioning and operations requiring power cuts of major projects can only be carried-out during long shut downs. During these periods, infrastructure, allowing alternative network configurations must be put in place, to permit evolution during the runs.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

13. Principal components of the upgrade and extension plan
Upgrade of the 400 kV and 66 kV systems, Items:
overhaul of the 66 kV protection systems;
a second feeder to the CERN 400 kV system;
construction of a 66 kV substation on the Meyrin site, with its own power factor correction system.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

14. Upgrade of the 400 kV and 66 kV systems
The configuration today
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

15. Upgrade of the 400 kV and 66 kV systems
The configuration for LS2
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

16. Principal components of the upgrade and extension plan
Creation of a 60 MVA, 18 kV transmission network linking the principal substations in a point-to-point topology
removal of load circuits from the substations that will form the transmission network (to be transferred to the distribution substations);
construction of a new site-to-site interconnect between Prévessin and Meyrin, so as to provide an alternative path for supplying the West Area from the EHT3 transformer. Upgrading of the existing inter-site links;
provide the transmission substations with three separate sources of 60 MVA power;
provide a backup source of 18 kV power from SIG to give redundancy to the automatic transfer system;
overhaul of the major substations affected (ME9/ME59/ME10);
modernisation of the protection system;
upgrade of the automatic transfer system.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

17. Creation of a 60 MVA, 18 kV transmission network linking the principal substations
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

18. Principal components of the upgrade and extension plan
Reorganisation of the 18 kV network on the Meyrin site
separation of the machine and general services networks;
creation of a secondary 18 kV ring for the WA distribution;
provide three independent sources of power for each ring;
make the power supply for the computing centre independent of the network feeding the PS ISOLDE/Booster complex.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

19. Reorganisation of the 18 kV network on the Meyrin site
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

20. Principal components of the upgrade and extension plan
Reorganisation of the 18 kV network of the Prévessin site together with the upgrade of the CCC supply and the safety networks
creation of a new secondary substation, BE 91 (to take over the load circuits from BE9);
creation of an 18 kV general services ring main on the Prévessin site;
upgrade of the safety network for the SPS, the NA, the Prévessin site and the CCC.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

21. Creation of a new secondary substation
ME591
BE91
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

22. Upgrade of the CCC supply and safety networks
2012 New Substation BE91
2012
New 3.3 kV power generation station
Redundant feeders
18 kV network
3.3 kV safety network
400 V distribution network
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

23. Principal components of the upgrade and extension plan
Overhaul of the 18 kV network of the SPS
replacement of all underground cables of the 18 kV stable and pulsed networks, along with the SMB cables and the 3.3 kV safety power main;
overhaul of the 18 kV substations of the auxiliary buildings (BAs);
overhaul of the North Area safety network;
overhaul of the 18 kV substations of the North Area.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

24. Replacement of all 18 kV SPS cables
Power cables 3.3/18/66 kV, control cables and optical fibres  90 km in 7 km long trenches
Tubes buried in 2011
Cables pulled in 2012
Cables connected and commissioned during LS1
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

25. Replacement of all 18 kV SPS cables
1971
18 km cable
> 80 joints
2012
18 km cable
10 joints
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

26. Organization of the Project … in stages
Stage 1 during the LS1
In the Prévessin site, creation of substation and upgrade of the 3.3 kV safety network the SPS, the NA which will meet the needs of the CCC and the SPS, with independent diesel-generator sets and increased capacity
In the West Area of the Meyrin site, creation of a 66 kV source and overhaul of the substation
Overhaul of the 66 kV protection system
Continuation of the overhaul of the 18 kV secondary network of the SPS.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

27. Organization of the Project … in stages
Stage 2 during LS2
overhaul of the ME9 substation;
installation of a second feeder to the CERN 400 kV system including a 400/66 kV transformer;
upgrade of the automatic transfer system;
continued overhaul of the 18 kV distribution network feeding the SPS and the Meyrin site.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

28. Organization of the Project
Stage 3 during LS3
overhaul of the ME10 substation;
upgrade of the MP7 inter-site link to 60 MVA
installation of a 70 MVA 66/18 kV transformer as a hot spare;
overhaul of the secondary 18 kV distribution network supplying the NA.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

29. Schedule & Budget Consolidation Projects Upgrade Projects 2012 2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Total
Approved budget
6,407
5,060
5,838
5,839
3,406
1,798
31,846
Required payment budget
9,200
3,700
4,000
4,100
3,500
35,700
Consolidation SPS power cables (EL-SPS)
8,500
1,000
9,500
Consolidation 66 kV protection system (EL-PS)
500
300
1,800
Consolidation Meyrin West Area (EL-PS)
1,500
600
3,600
Consolidation Prevessin North Area (EL-SPS)
Consolidation substation SPS-5 (EL-SPS)
200
700
400
1,300
Consolidation substation SPS-4 (EL-SPS)
2,500
Consolidation substation SPS-2 (EL-SPS)
2,000
Consolidation substation SPS-1 (EL-SPS)
Consolidation substation SPS-6 (EL-SPS)
Consolidation substation SPS-3 (EL-SPS)
Consolidation LHC 18 kV protection system (new)
Upgrade Projects
7,500
8,200
4,400
3,400
5,000
45,000
New 66kV power line to Meyrin (EL-NET2025)
1,400
New substation MEH59 (EL-NET2025)
2,200
1,700
4,500
New substation BE91 (EL-NET2025)
7,200
Upgrade substation BE (EL-NET2025)
800
Upgrade ME59 (EL-NET2025)
1500
5,200
Upgrade loop ME4
Upgrade power lines ME59 --> ME9
1,200
Upgrade power lines ME9 - SEM12 - ME10
3,000
Mew substation 220 MVA Bois-Tollot
Upgrade ME9
Upgrade ME10
Upgrade substation SEM12 LHC1
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System

30. Summary
Ageing equipment and circa 40% of power increase for the next 15 years make mandatory the upgrade & consolidation of the CERN distribution infrastructure
80 MCHF is required for the budget of this upgrade & consolidation program; an average of 6 to 8 MCHF/year is required in the long term to maintain the CERN infrastructure operational
Substations, cables and protections systems must be consolidated
Transport network, safety network and a redundant link to Bois Tollot are the main upgrade projects.
October 24th, 2012
Review of the Project for the Consolidation and Upgrade of the CERN Electrical Distribution System