1. Integumentary, Immune and
DEFENSE
Integumentary, Immune and
Lymphatic Systems

2. Immune System:
Body’s _____________against __________ (disease causing agents)
Recognizes, _______, destroys and “remembers” each type of pathogen that enters the body
main defense
pathogens
attacks

3. Immune System:
____________of an organism to __________, ___________or other unwanted biological invasion (__________)—this process is called ____________
Resistance
infection
disease
pathogens
immunity

4. Defense Mechanisms Skin
________- keeps pathogens out of body--pathogens can only enter and multiply where skin is ___________
Broken

5. Defense Mechanisms
Mucus, saliva, tears, oil and sweat contain chemicals that kill bacteria
Mucus in throat traps pathogens
Acid and digestive enzymes in stomach destroy pathogens

6. If pathogens do enter body they _____________ and _______________
______________—millions of _____________ are produced to engulf and destroy pathogens (pus and swelling)
multiply quickly
release toxins
Inflammation
white blood cells

7. Body produces _________that cause ______—increased body temperature slows down or stops _________of ____________
______________—identifying molecule on the ___________of pathogens (specific) that induce a specific immune response
chemicals
fever
growth
bacteria
Antigens
surface

8. Types of White Blood Cells:
_______ and _______ recognize specific antigens and respond to them in order to ___________ the pathogen
B Cells
T cells
destroy

9. _____________are ________ carried in the bloodstream that are produced to recognize and bind to specific antigens in order to ______________. Antibodies are produced by B Cells.
Antibodies
proteins
stop infections

10. weakened form
Injection of a _______________ of a pathogen to __________ __________is known as a _________ (vaccine)
produce immunity
vaccination

11. Vaccines produce Memory T and B cells, which can quickly attack antigens they have already seen.

12. H.I.V. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
H.I.V. is the virus that causes __________, or acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It attacks a special T cell known as a __________ cell.
A.I.D.S.
Helper T

13. Penicillin and other ___________ can also be used to help the immune system, but it is important that you understand that antibiotics only kill _________!
antibiotics
bacteria
They will NOT help if you are sick with a _____ because viruses are not cells!
virus

14. The lymphatic system plays a critical role in the _________ system by producing, storing, and circulating white blood cells
immune

15. The lymphatic system collects fluid lost by the blood and returns it to the circulatory system

16. ● Network of vessels and associated organs
● _________ – fluid in lymph vessels
● lymph vessels – move the lymph throughout the body
● ____________ -- act as filters to trap bacteria and other organisms that cause disease
lymph
Lymph nodes

17. ● Tonsils, thymus and spleen are all composed of lymphoid tissue
● ________– filter and destroy bacteria
● ________– produces hormones that aid in maturation of white blood cells
● ________– removes worn-out red blood cells, platelets, bacteria from the blood
tonsils
thymus
spleen

18. When bacteria and other pathogens travel through the lymph nodes, they are attacked by white blood cells. This causes the lymph nodes to ______.
This is why doctors feel the lymph nodes in your neck and abdomen when you are sick. If these are swollen, it is a sign that you have an infection in that area.
swell

19. Evolutionary Trends of Lymph & Immune Systems
Simple
Complex
Animal
Taxon
Invertebrates
Fish
Mammals
Adaptations
Cells recognize peptidoglycan, a substance found in the cell walls of bacteria, and destroy the bacteria
Thymus makes T lymphocytes and B cells
Body produces antibodies specific to certain pathogens
Examples
bees, flies
Birds

20. Lymph & Immune System Levels of Organization
Lymph nodes, bone marrow
Spleen, Liver
Lymph and Immune
White Blood Cells, B-cells, T-cells, macrophages

21. Interactions with other Body Systems
Skin of the integumentary system is the first line of defense of the immune system.
The circulatory system transports immune cells around the body. It also helps control body fluids with the lymphatic system.
The excretory system excretes excess fluids and pathogens.
Bones of the skeletal system produce lymphocytes and macrophages.