1. WITH BILL HARRIS, FOUNDER/CEO CENTERPOINTE RESEARCH INSTITUTE FEBRUARY 27, 2017

2. Key Drivers of Aging Stem Cell Deactivation AMPK Activity
Endothelial Dysfunction
Lipfuscin Deposition
Telomere Attrition
Loss of Protein Synthesis
Gene Expression/DNA Repair
Immune Senescence
Inflammation
Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Glycation
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4. Dasatinib and other Senolytics
Senolytic: Small molecule that can selectively eliminate senescent cells (cells that can no longer divide)
When we’re young, scenscent cells provide cancer prevention; in later life they accelerate aging
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5. Dasatinib and other Senolytics
One Dasatinib tablet per week for 3 weeks every 5-10 years:
Alleviate symptoms of frailty
Improved cardiac/arterial function
Reduced osteoporosis
Increased exercise endurance
Eliminate fat cell progenitors
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7. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11)
Naturally occurring peptide (chain of amino acids) with the capacity to restore aging muscles, hearts, brains in mice
Harvard research found significant age reversal effects
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8. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11)
In 2014 one researcher decide to become a guinea pig
Now about 20 volunteers are self-experimenting and measuring longevity biomarkers
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9. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11)
The first researcher decided to try GDF11 on himself because:
It improved cardiac, neural, muscular systems in mice
It is endogenous, therefore inherently safer
It’s found in the same molecular form in all vertebrates, which means it showed up early in evolution and is therefore universally important
Organs transplanted to younger people, who have more GDF11, thrive
Letting aging take it’s course is almost as risky as trying GDF11
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10. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11)
How GDF11 works:
Stem cells incur DNA damage during replication
This damage eventually causes stems cells to become senescent
GDF11 repairs DNA damage and resores function to stem cells
It is also thought to activate progenitor cells (cells that can differentiate into certain kinds of cells)
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11. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11)
Anecdotal feedback from volunteers:
Increased stamina
Noticeably improved skin elasticity
Greater mental clarity, improved reaction time, more eloquent
Gray hair reversal
Improved sexual performance
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12. Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11)
Anecdotal feedback from volunteers:
Better sleep, vivid dreams, circadian rhythms enforced
Greatly increased appetite
Improved sense of smell
Arterial stiffness was reduced over 4-14 months by 37%
These results were backed by measurable improvements in biomarkers (ie, levels of various hormones, neurochemicals, etc)
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14. Age Reversal By Young Plasma Transfer
Bone marrow of healthy 21-year-olds contains an abundance of functional stem cells, immune cells, and paracrine factors (similar to a hormone but affecting cells over a much shorter distance), and lots of GDF11
These factors can be harvested in blood plasma and administered to older people
When “young blood” containing these factors is circulated into older animals, they become biologically younger and old tissues are rejuvenated.
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15. Age Reversal By Young Plasma Transfer
“In the heart, brain, muscle and almost every other tissue examined, the blood of young mice seems to bring new life to aging organs, making old mice stronger, smarter, and healthier.”
Mice lived the equivalent of human years longer after having transfusions of such blood (University of California, Univ. of Cambridge, Harvard, Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston)
Scientists have also rejuvenated old mice with the blood of human teenagers, creating improved cognition, decreased inflammation, formation of new brain cells, behavior changes in which old animals acted young.
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20. Age Reversal By Young Plasma Transfer
Johnson & Johnson signed a $50M deal with Stanford to identify blood factors responsible for this age reversal
One of these substances is called fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)
A fibroblast is a cell that synthesizes the structural and biochemical support for the cell, including collagen, and plays a critical role in wound healing
Scientists extended the lifespan of mice by 40% through this method
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24. Thymic Regeneration Master gland of the immune system
Immune senescence can be initiated by the atrophy of the thymus gland
Makes T cells and nurtures them with thymic hormones
Converts bone marrow immune cells to T cells (essential for proper immune function)
T cells kill infections and cancer, regulate B cells (which make antibodies)
Problem: The thymus stops working with age, beginning near the time of puberty

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27. Thymic Regeneration
Immune senescence is strongly correlated with risk of near term death
This plays a key role in degenerative aging – and can be reversed!
A sharp decline in T cells and an overexpansion of defective CD8 cells reduces the ability to ward of infections and malignancies
The accumulation of memory cells (create antibodies and T cells) results in many becoming senescent, increasing inflammatory diseases common to aging
Inflammation affects all body tissues, negatively affects cognition, cardiovascular health, immune function
Reducing immune senescence is critical to healthy longevity

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29. Thymic Regeneration
Immune senescence can be reversed in animals, young HIV patients, but only once with a normal aging human
Now work at Stanford has rejuvenated the thymus and improved blood markers indicative of healthier immune function
This work may also apply to organ regeneration also
The accumulation of memory cells results in many becoming senescent, increasing inflammatory diseases common to aging
May lead to the eventual elimination of Type I diabetes, autoimmune disease, and transplant rejection

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32. Questions? Thoughts? Comments
Click here to go to the Life Extension magazine article:
Questions? Thoughts? Comments