1. Why did men join the army?
(The first thing the government had to organise)

2. Men for the army Volunteers
Encouraged to volunteer by employers – often formed Pals “Battalions”
Encouraged to volunteer by propaganda
From 1916, conscription (a.k.a. compulsory military service) was introduced in the Military Service Acts

3. Questions – answer fully!
1. How big was the British Army in 1914 and what did Kitchener say was needed?
2. How willing were men to join up at the start of the war?
3. What was a Pals’ Battalion and what were their advantages and drawbacks?
4. Give details of the Military Service Acts

4. Conscientious objectors
Refused to fight
Had to face an enquiry called a tribunal
Might be turned down and forced to join the army
Might be allowed to serve the war effort in other ways.
Might be sent to prison for refusing to serve the war effort

5. Questions 5. Explain what happened to conscientious objectors.
6. Explain what happened to deserters.
7. Why was it thought necessary to punish men so harshly for refusal to serve in the army?

6. Why did men volunteer? Patriotism The wish for an adventure
The glamour of being in uniform
Peer pressure
Escape from poverty
Dislike of the Germans
Effective propaganda

7. Final question for you
LOOKING AT THE REASONS MEN GAVE FOR VOLUNTEERING, CAN YOU EXPLAIN WHY FIRST PROPAGANDA AND THEN CONSCRIPTION BECAME NECESSARY?

8. Questions
8. On page 56, there are 4 sources, S4-S7. For each one, explain what reasons it gives for volunteering.
9. Now look at who wrote each one and suggest why he would put forward the reasons he did.
10 In what ways do Sources 4,5, and 6 support Source 7?

9. How to answer the 12marker
“Government propaganda failed to convince the British public to support World War One”
Agree sources
Source C – “women have suffered so terribly because of the cruelty of government”
Source E – “If the public really knew what the war is like it would be stopped tomorrow”
Source G – general mood of mistrust about the war
Disagree
Source A – guilt trip poster to convince people to sign up to protect their children
Source B – “glad joined up” to defend “ruined towns” stop “the wholesale murder of helpless women and children”
Source D – Germans want to copy Somme film to boost morale
Source F – women supporting war effort in their droves

10. How far?
On the one hand
However overall