2. SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMA

3. a benign proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium.
a papillary or verruciform mass

4. a soft, painless, usually pedunculated, exophytic nodule
with numerous fingerlike surface projections
("cauliflower" or wartlike appearance )

5. human papillomavirus (HPV)
at least 24 types are associated with lesions of the head and neck
totally integration with the DNA of the host cell
Viral subtypes 6 and 11 have been identified in up to 50% of oral papillomas
less than 5% in normal mucosal cells.

6. the most common of the soft tissue masses arising from the soft palate

7. Pointed projections
blunted projections

8. A firm, white, rough, exophytic, pedunculated, nontender soft tissue enlargement
on the right ventral tongue.

9. Histopathologic Features
a proliferation of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium arrayed in fingerlike projections

10. fibrovascular connective tissue cores
may show inflammatory changes

11. hyperkeratosis .
acanthosis
loose connective tissue

12. Keratin layer
Granular layer

13. Occasional ………basilar hyperplasia and mitotic activity
a normal maturation pattern

14. Koilocytes
virus-altered epithelial clear cells with small dark (pyknotic) nuclei
in the prickle cell layer
keratohyaline granules
cleared cytoplasm, shrunken, irregular nuclei