1. Biotechnology

2. Genetic Engineering
Definition: alters the DNA of an organism to get the traits desired

3. Gene Therapy
Definition: adding or deleting parts of genes to get rid of genetic disorders

4. Selective Breeding
Definition: selecting two organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation

5. Inbreeding
Definition: two organisms that have similar characteristics mate but produce offspring with genetic disorders

6. Hybridization
Definition: the crossing of two genetically different organisms resulting in an organism that has the best trait from both parents – offspring is infertile

7. Cloning
Definition: an organism that is used to create a new identical copy of that same organism as an offspring

8. Gene Splicing/Recombinant DNA
Definition: two different organisms’ DNA put together in the same DNA strand.
Example – Human DNA is cut by a restriction enzyme. Bacteria DNA is inserted into the cut. This makes a transgenic organism.

10. Genetically Modified Food
Definition: engineering crops to allow them to grow in poor soil conditions, resist disease, tolerate drought, repel insects, etc.

11. Lab Grown Organs
Definition: Using stem cells to create new organs for a transplant

12. Transgenic Organisms
Definition: creating an organism that will exhibit a new trait that can be passed to its offspring

13. Genetic Screening
Definition: testing DNA to rule out genetic diseases and determine the likelihood of developing a genetic disorder

14. Analyzing Genetic Screening
Gel Electrophoresis – a method to separate the fragments of DNA based on size to create a DNA Fingerprint. The DNA fragments are separated in gel and viewed as bands.

15. How The Information is Used:
Forensics – Help solve crimes by matching suspects DNA to the crime scene DNA
Medicine – Determining the father of a child by matching DNA bands
Evolution – Compare DNA bands of organisms to determine evolutionary relationships

16. Forensic Example:

17. Stem Cell Therapy
Definition: using stem cells to treat or prevent a disease by transplanting bone marrow or umbilical cord blood