1. CSS 496 Business Process Re-engineering for BS(CS)
Chapter 4: Business Process Modeling Notations
Khurram Shahzad
Based on Petia, Marlon, Aalst and Weske Lectures

2. Business Process Modeling Notation
Business Process Modeling Notation, developed under the coordination of Object Management Group.
Benefits
Combines best practices of existing approaches
Readily undersandable by all business users
Users can use it without extensive training

3. BPMN Elements

4. More Elements OR
AND
XOR
Events
Gateways

5. Principles Process model starts with an event
Whenever the conditions of a gateway are designed so that always all outgoing edges are activated, the gateway should be marked with the + symbol to indicate the and split semantics of the gateway.
Continue… as patterns

6. Example 1

7. Example 2

8. Possible States

9. Patterns (Sequence and loop pattern)

10. Patterns (AND Split)

11. Patterns (AND Split)

12. Patterns (XOR Split and Join)

13. Patterns (XOR Split and Join)

14. Patterns (OR Split)

15. Patterns (OR Join)

16. Example (OR Join)

17. Patterns (Multiple Merge)

18. Interacting Processes
Process involving multiple organizational entities can interact with each other
BPMN is not restricted to single organization processes
Ready to express interacting processes of multiple organizations
Swimlanes are used to assign processes/parts to organizational entities
Pools represent specific process participants
business entity role like supplier and customer

19. Pools
Pools represent business process participants. They are used to partition a set of activities.
Can be a business entity or a business role.
Sequence flows cannot cross the boundaries of a Pool.
Interaction between Pools are captured through Message Flow (dashed lines with an arrow)
A Pool will extend the entire length of the Diagram.
Message flows are used to capture interactions between processes in different pools.
Message Flow
Depicted by a dashed line with an open arrowhead.
Represent the flow of messages between two separate process participants that are prepared to send and receive them.
A Message Flow can connect directly to the boundary of a Pool.
Represents an informative message to that participant.
A Message Flow can cross the boundaries and connect directly to a Flow Object within that Pool.
Represents a message that triggers certain action.

20. Interacting Processes
Sequence flow is allowed only between nodes in a single pool
Communication occurs through message flows

21. Categories of business processes
BPMN support three categories of processes
Private Business Processes
Public Business Processes
Global Business Processes

22. Private Business Processes
Contains only activities that are enacted within a company
All activities that contribute to process are represented

23. Public Business Processes
Represent only activities that communicate with other business processes
Externally visible behavior of processes

24. Global Business Processes
Global view on internals of all other parties

25. Sub-processes
A task in a process can be decomposed into a “sub-process”.
Use this feature to:
Break down large models into smaller ones, making them easier to understand and to explain

26. Sub-processes

27. Sub-processes: example

28. Example: Publishing Article

29. Example

30. Assignment 1

31. BPMN Exercise 1: Claims Notification process at a car insurer
When a claim is received, it is first checked whether the claimant is insured by the organization. If not, the claimant is informed that the claim must be rejected. Otherwise, the severity of the claim is evaluated. Based on the outcome (simple or complex claims), relevant forms are sent to the claimant. Once the forms are returned, they are checked for completeness. If the forms provide all relevant details, the claim is registered in the Claims Management system, which ends the Claims Notification process. Otherwise, the claimant is informed to update the forms. Upon reception of the updated forms, they are checked again.

32. BPMN Exercise 2
When a claim related to a major car accident is evaluated, a clerk first retrieves the corresponding car accident report in the Police Reports database. If the report is retrieved, it is attached to the claim file. The claim file and the police report serve as input to a claims handler who calculates an initial claim estimate. Then, an “action plan” is created based on a “checklist”. Based on the action plan and the initial claims estimate, a claims manager negotiates a settlement with the customer. After this negotiation, the claims manager makes a final decision, updates the claim file to record this decision, and sends a letter to the claimant to inform him/her of the decision.