1. 5.1 Heat Transfer
Vocabulary

2. A System Is…
A group of parts that work together to perform a specific function.

3. What causes the thunderstorm?
Thunderstorm = result of two different parts of “the Earth system” interacting
Atmosphere: the envelope of gases that surround the planet
2. Hydrosphere: made up of all the water on earth

4. What is a system?
A system is a group of parts that work together to perform a function and produce a result.
Usually you have an input and an output.

5. Weather is caused by:
Constant interaction of hydrosphere and atmosphere (atmo = vapor / hydro = water)
Sun warms gasses in atmosphere and water in hydrosphere
Water evaporates  water vapor
Temperatures of atmosphere and water changes, clouds may build and rain may fall
The condition of the Earths atmosphere at a particular time and place is called
WEATHER!

6. What is Temperature?
All substances are made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules).
The faster the particles are moving – the more energy they have!

7. What is temperature?
Temperature: measures the average energy of motion of particles in a substance
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy: measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.

8. Measuring temperature
Air temperature is usually measured with a thermometer
Thermometer- A device that measures temperature
Holds liquid mercury or alcohol
Air temp increases, liquid inside increases and expands (rises)

9. How to calculate thermal energy?
Q=mc T
Q=Thermal energy
m=mass
C=specific heat
T=Temperature difference

10. Temperature scales- units of degrees
Two scales
1. Celsius
(freezing = 0⁰; boiling= 100⁰)
2. Fahrenheit (freezing = 32⁰F; boiling = 212⁰F)

11. Check Yourself p. 156

12. Did your answer look like this?

13. heat
Energy that transferred from hotter object to a colder one (warmer  cooler)
Heat is transferred in 3 ways:
1. Convection
2. Conduction
3. Radiation

14. radiation
is the direct transfer of energy by ray waves.
ray-diation

15. conduction
Transfer of heat between two substances that are in direct contact with each other.
Energy is transferred when molecules bump into each other through contact.

16. convection Transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid.
Energy is transferred by the flow of material.
Examples?

17. Convection current

18. p. 158

19. Check yourself! (p. 158) 1. Convection
Contents in side are heated by convection
2. Conduction - heat moves up the pot by conduction (red )
3. Radiation
waves of heat will heat your hands by radiation
(yellow/orange )

20. Heat Transfer Heat Transfer
Heat transfer occurs when a warm radiator heats a room. What type of heat transfer could keep the paper in the air?

21. Check yourself!

22. Heating the Troposphere
Radiation, conduction & convection work together to heat troposphere.
Convection currents- the upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air.
Heat is transferred mostly by CONVECTION within the troposphere
Heat- thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one