1. Subject. Animal and Plant Ecology
Shakarim State University of Semey
Subject. Animal and Plant Ecology
Lecturer. Zagipa Beisenovna Sapakhova, PhD, Senior Teacher

2. Credits – 3
Lecture - 15.
Practice work – 30
Exam – 6th term

3. Lecture 1. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology

4. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
What is Ecology?

5. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
Ecology is……
The study of interactions…
between living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components….
in ecosystems!

6. Organisms and Their Environment
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Habitat & Niche
Habitat is the place a plant or animal lives
Niche is an organism’s total way of life
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8. The Nonliving Environment
Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment.
Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil.
Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life.
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9. The Living Environment
Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment.
All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection.
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10. Abiotic or Biotic?

11. Abiotic or Biotic?

12. Abiotic or Biotic?

13. Abiotic or Biotic?

14. Levels of Organization

15. What are the Simplest Levels?
Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
System

16. Levels of Organization
Ecologists have organized the interactions an organism takes part in into different levels according to complexity.

17. 1st Level of Organization
Organism: An individual living thing that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops

18. 2nd Level of Organization
Population: A group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time.

19. 3rd Level of Organization
Biological Community: All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time.

20. 4th Level of Organization
Ecosystem: Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. (terrestrial or aquatic)

21. 5th Level of Organization
Biosphere: The portion of Earth that supports life.

22. The Biosphere
Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water.
The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things.

23. What level of organization?
Organism
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24. What level of Organization?
Community

25. What level of Organization?
Population

26. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
Some definitions:
FOOD CHAIN:
A diagram showing the movement of energy between biotic factors in an ecosystem.

27. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
Some examples of FOOD CHAINS:

28. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
Some examples of FOOD CHAINS:

29. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
PRODUCER:
An organism that makes it’s own food from sunlight or heat (usually a plant)

30. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
CONSUMER:
An organism that must consume other organisms for energy (all animals are consumers)

31. Introduction to Ecology
HERBIVORE:
An organism that consumes only plants for food (deer, mice, grasshopper, gorilla)

32. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
CARNIVORE:
An organism that consumes only other animals for food (cats, owls, sharks, polar bear)

33. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
DECOMPOSER:
An organism that consumes only dead organisms for food (bacteria, worms, fungus, vultures)

34. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
NUTRIENT:
A material that an organism needs to grow and reproduce. Good examples are vitamins and minerals.

35. Introduction to Animal and Plant Ecology
OMNIVORE:
An organism that can eat either plants or animals for energy (humans, raccoons, black bears, chimpanzees)

36. Use the definitions from your worksheet to label the following ecosystem:
abiotic
carnivore
biotic
omnivore
HABITAT
producer
herbivore
abiotic
producer
consumer

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38. What are Habitat and Niche? Kind od ecological factors? Examples?
What is Ecology?
What are Habitat and Niche?
Kind od ecological factors? Examples?
What are Organization Levels? Examples?
What is ecosystem?
Producer?
Consumer?
Herbivore?
Cornivore?
Decomposer?
Nutrient?
Omnivore?