1. Natural Resources

2. NONRENEWABLE: Resource that can’t be replenished quickly
RENEWABLE: Resource that can be replenished over fairly short time spans (months, years, decades)
NONRENEWABLE: Resource that can’t be replenished quickly
(millions of years)
REUSABLE: Used again and again
RECYCLABLE: Can be processed and made into

4. EXXON SPILL PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND, ALASKA 1989
BP SPILL GULF OF MEXICO 2010
EXXON SPILL PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND, ALASKA 1989
FOSSIL FUELS
Take millions of years to form
Form from ancient decaying organic/living material
three types:
coal (hydrocarbon rock)
oil/petroleum (mixture of liquid hydrocarbons)
natural gas (mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons)
We’re currently using them up at a record pace.
Oil spills are a big problem.

5. FOSSIL FUELS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Cheap to obtain
High energy yield
Relatively easy to transport
Obtaining source is dangerous (mining, oil platforms etc)
Dirty fuel to burn air pollution
Reserves are running out
Contaminate ecosystem
(oil spills, land/water contamination)

7. FRACKING REGIONS AND “FRACCIDENTS”

8. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

9. NUCLEAR ENERGY
Heavy nuclei (uranium-238) are bombarded with neutrons, causing the atom to split, releasing energy.

10. CHERNOBYL
3 MILE ISLAND

11. NUCLEAR FUEL ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES No air pollutants
Water and land disruption are low
Safety measures decrease likelihood of catastrophic event
Possibly harmful radiation leaking into environment
Three Mile Island (March 1979, USA)
Chernobyl (April 1986, USSR)
Fukushima (March 2011, Japan)
Radioactive waste storage
Expense
building & maintaining

13. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

16. HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY
Running water in rivers turns turbines inside dams to generate electricity.

18. HYDRO ENERGY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Dams help with flood control
Creates lakes
Recreation and source of water
Emits very little air pollution if any
Harm the environment
Alter water depth and flow
Flooding of land behind dam
Barrier to wildlife to spawn
Expensive to build

19. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

20. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Hot water from deep underground creates steam. The steam turns turbines which generate electricity

21. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Vast, reliable source
96% fewer CO2 emissions
Cheap to produce
Scarcity of accessible sites
Must be carefully managed
Or resource will deplete
Can cause land sinking
Noise, odor, local climate change

23. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

24. WIND ENERGY
Using wind to turn aerogenerators or wind turbines to generate electricity.

25. WIND ENERGY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Wind power is free Non polluting
Relatively inexpensive
Land can be used for grazing and farming
Not constant
Wind farms take up a lot of land
Birds may be severely injured (migration problem)

27. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

28. SOLAR ENERGY Light energy harnessed from the sun
Photovoltaic Cells (solar panels) are very expensive to build and install… but once you’ve got them, you have free energy! (Last time I checked, sunlight was free!)

29. SOLAR ENERGY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Sun is expected to be around for 5BY
Source is free
Clean / non-polluting
Cheap / Cost recovered
savings on bills (over time)
Source is not constant
Rainy days, no sun at night
PVC are not very efficient
Initial cost is prohibitive

31. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

32. HYDROGEN Uses hydrogen
Mixes with oxygen from the air and that allows a current (flow of electrons) to pass through the fuel cell creating electricity.
 Clean
 Can be explosive

33. HYDROGEN FUELING STATIONS

34. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

35. BIOMASS / BIOFUELS
Biomass energy, or "bioenergy"—the energy from plants and plant-derived materials

36. Biofuels Biomass can be converted directly into liquid fuels, called
"biofuels,” to be used for
transportation
Ethanol is an alcohol created from biomass (usually corn)
Biodiesel is made by combining alcohol (usually methanol) with vegetable oil, animal fat, or recycled cooking grease.
Blended with gasoline, both increase vehicle performance and cut down carbon monoxide and other smog-causing emissions.

37. BIOMASS & BIOFUELS Crops take up a lot of land and water;
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
CO2 production = CO2 intake, so no excess greenhouse gases are created
Can be found worldwide
Lower landfill use
Crops take up a lot of land and water;
Planting and harvesting take lots of energy;
Crops are always available

40. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?

41. TIDAL ENERGY Tidal dams are built across bays…
When the tides come in and go out,
The water pushes air that turns turbines
To generate electricity.
How many places on earth can take advantage of tidal energy?

42. TIDAL ENERGY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Very little air pollution
Damage wetlands and disrupt ecosystem
Few suitable sites
Construction costs are high

43. TIDAL ENERGY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Very little air pollution
Damage wetlands and disrupt ecosystem
Few suitable sites
Construction costs are high

44. WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THIS ENERGY SOURCE?