1. Chapter 6 – Matter and Atoms
Lesson 1 Substances and Mixtures
Part 1

2. Essential Questions (DO NOT have to copy)
What is the relationship among atoms, elements, and compounds?
How are some mixtures different from solutions?
How do mixtures and compounds differ?

3. Vocabulary (DO NOT have to copy)
Matter
Atom
Substance
Element
Molecule
Compound
Mixture
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture

4. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Anything that does not have mass or volume is not matter.

5. What is matter made out of?
Matter is made of atoms.
Classified according to:
types of atoms
arrangement of atoms
An atom is a small particle that is the building block of matter.
It is the many kinds of atoms and the ways they combine that form the different types of matter.

6. Scientists place matter into two groups:
Classifying Matter
Scientists place matter into two groups:
Substances
Mixtures
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7. What is a substance?
A substance is matter with a composition that is always the same.
A certain substance always contains the same kinds of atoms in the same combination.
2 types of substances:
Elements
Compounds

8. Substances: Elements
An element is a substance made of only one kind of atom.
All atoms of an element are alike, but atoms of one element are different from atoms of other elements.
Example: the element gold is made of only gold atoms, and all gold atoms are alike.
In some elements, the atoms are grouped into molecules.
A molecule is two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds and act as a unit.

9. Substances: Elements Element symbols have either one or two letters.
Temporary symbols have three letters.
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10. Substances: Compounds
A compound is a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically joined in a specific combination.
Molecules are the smallest part of a compound.
Sodium chloride (salt) is a compound.

11. Substances: Compounds
Many compounds exist as molecules, but some, such as table salt, do not.
Sugar particles are molecules because they always travel together as a unit. Salt particles do not travel together as a unit.

12. Substances: Compounds
A chemical formula includes
Symbols of each element
Small numbers (subscripts)
Sometimes the same elements combine to form different compounds.
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13. What is a Mixture? A mixture is matter that can vary in composition.
A mixture is made of two or more substances that are blended but are not chemically bonded.
2 types:
Heterogeneous mixture (hetero- means different)
Homogeneous mixture (homo- means the same)

14. Types of Mixtures
A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the substances are not evenly mixed.
A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which two or more substances are evenly mixed, but not bonded together.

15. A solution is another name for a homogeneous mixture.
Types of Mixtures
A solution is another name for a homogeneous mixture.
Made of 2 parts:
Solvent- the substance that is present in the largest amount.
One or more solutes- dissolves, or breaks apart, and mixes evenly with the solvent

16. Compound vs. Mixtures
Compounds and solutions are alike in that they both look like pure substances.
Compounds
Atoms are bonded together, which means the composition of a given compound is always the same.
Can be separated only by chemical process.
Mixtures
Substances are not bonded together
Adding more of one substance to a mixture does not change the identity of the mixture.
Substances are not chemically combined
Can easily be separated by physical process

17. Compounds vs. Mixtures
You DO NOT have to copy this chart

18. Separating Mixtures
To separate a heterogeneous mixture, you use differences in the physical properties of the parts.
You can separate some homogeneous mixtures by boiling or evaporation.

19. You DO NOT have to copy this chart: