1. Learning about the language
Unit 5 First aid
Learning about the language

2. Quiz for first aid What has happened to the person in the picture?
What first aid should you do to the victim?

3. D sprained He has ______his ankle in a football match.
How do you deal with a ______\a ______ankle?
sprain
sprained
A. Take off his shoe
B. keep walking around
C. put his foot up on a chair and then put warm cloths on his ankle.
D. Put his foot up on a chair and then put an ice pack on his ankle. D

4. B bleeding His nose is _________badly.
How do you deal with a ________nose?
bloody B
A. Pinch(捏) his nose and jump up and down
B. Sit down and bend his head forward and pinch his nose.
C. Lie down and pinch his nose
D. Sit down and bend his head backward and pinch his nose.

5. A A choking She is ______on a piece of food and is coughing badly.
How do you deal with it?
A. nothing B. carry out rescue breathing
C. have her lie down and rest
D. slap her four or five times on her back

6. D to slow transport and action of venom (毒液). bitten
A snake has ________him on the leg.
How do you deal with a snake_________?
bite D
A. Squeeze or suck(吸) the bite 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　B. Let him walk quickly to the nearest hospital
C. Cover the wound with plastic.
D. Tie above the bite tightly and wash the wound with cold running water.
to slow transport and action of venom (毒液).

7. injured
She has _______her leg and it is bleeding badly.

8. How To Stop Severe Bleeding lay lower
First ---
Second ---
Third ---
lay
______the person down, with the head slightly _______than the leg .
lower
raise
_________ the person's legs above the level of the heart to ________ the blood flow.
reduce
put a bandage
______________ on the wound and apply pressure (用力压) to reduce the bleeding.

9. Practice makes perfect.
Act out
Practice makes perfect.

10. By doing first aid to the victim, we can
protect the injury from further harm
relieve pain
save lives
Memorizing some of the basic procedures will help you react quickly and efficiently.

11. A diary from
Wang Lin
This morning, I was reading in the study when I heard a loud scream from the kitchen. I rushed out to find my mother got burned by hot oil. Her left hand became red ,＿＿＿ and covered with 　 ＿＿＿＿. She felt much pain. Luckily I have studied First ＿＿. So I immediately took off her watch from her ＿＿＿ and washed the ＿＿＿＿ area under ＿＿　＿＿ for several minutes. Then I placed a piece of clean wet cloth on it. In order to cool the burns, I put the cloth back in the cold water, ＿＿＿＿ the water out and placed it on the burned area ＿　＿　＿ ＿＿　until her hand was less ＿＿＿. Finally I dried the wound ＿＿＿, covered it with a dry, clean 　　＿＿＿＿ and hold the bandage ＿＿　＿ with tape. During today’s first aid ＿＿＿＿ I also prevented my mother from putting vegetable oil on the ＿＿＿＿as it will keep the heat inside and may cause ＿＿＿＿. I think First Aid is an important skill.

12. A diary from Wang Lin
This morning, I was reading in the study when I heard a loud scream from the kitchen. I rushed out to find my mother got burned by hot oil. Her left hand became red ,＿＿＿＿ and covered with＿＿＿＿. She felt much pain. Luckily I have studied First＿＿＿. So I immediately took off her watch from her ＿＿and washed the ＿＿＿area under ＿＿＿＿　＿＿＿for several minutes. Then I placed a piece of clean wet cloth on it.
swollen
blisters
Aid
wrist
running
burned
water

13. In order to cool the burns, I put the cloth back in the cold water, ＿＿＿＿＿the water out and placed it on the burned area ＿　＿　＿＿　＿until her hand was less＿＿＿. Finally I dried the wound＿＿＿, covered it with a dry, clean ＿＿＿＿and hold the bandage ＿　＿with tape. During today’s first aid ＿＿＿＿＿I also prevented my mother from putting vegetable oil on the ＿＿＿as it will keep the heat inside and may cause＿＿＿＿. I think First Aid is an important skill.
squeezed
over and over again
painful
gently
bandage
in place
treatment
wound
infection

14. She has burned herself.
What has happened to his mother?
From the characteristics, what type of burn is it?

15. 5.A. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed.
1.A. You can get burned by hot liquids and You can get burned by steam.
2.A. Burns are called first degree burns, second degree burns and third degree burns.
3.A. First degree burns are not serious and they should feel better within a day or two days
4.A. Second degree burns affect both the top layer of the skin and they affect the second layer of the skin.
5.A. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed.
B. You can get burned by hot liquids and by steam.
B. Burns are called first degree, second degree and third degree burns.
B. First degree burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.
B. Second degree burns affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.
B. First degree burns turn white when pressed.

16. Sentence B is better than Sentence A because it doesn’t have unnecessary repetition in it, and it is easier to understand and it sounds much less awkward than Sentence A.
Ellipsis
is a grammatical device for avoiding repetition and achieving textual cohesion　(语篇衔接).
Examples of ellipsis
What can be omitted?

17. What can be omitted? 1.省略主语(S) 2.省略谓语(P)(Compound Ss) 3.省略宾语 (O)
5.省略不定式to后动词(短语)
6.省略名词短语中的中心词 (headword)
7.其他
(It) Looks like rain.
(It is) Nice to see you again (Have you) Forgotten name ? (You can) Just call me Peter. (oral English)
What a beautiful umbrella (it is )! (感叹句)
(It is) No wonder that you can’t remember me.(形式的)
I’m not as strong as I was (strong) The book (that) I read this term was very interesting. I know (that) he is from India.
A: Would you like to come to the party? B. I’d like to (come to the party).
I am a doctor and my wife (is) a teacher.
Sorry, I don’t know (who won the game last night).
Burns are called first degree (burns), second degree (burns) and third degree burns.

18. In Ex.2, P37 Rewrite the sentences taking out the unnecessary parts.
省略宾语
The burn (that) she got from the iron was red and (it was) very painful.
A boy was in the left side of the sick woman, and a girl (was) on the right (of the sick woman).
She has a daughter (who is) in hospital.　　　
He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor.
省略主+谓
省略谓语
省略介词短语
省略主+谓
省略不定式to后动词(短语)

19. 省略谓语动词一部分 省略谓语动词一部分 省略主+谓的一部分 省略介词短语 省略谓语动词一部分
5. Did she pass the first aid test she did yesterday or (didn’t pass) not?
6. She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or (not to send him to hospital) not.
7. When your nose is bleeding, bend forward so the blood runs out of your nose and (the blood doesn’t run down your throat) not down your throat.
8. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most (of the students haven’t done a first aid course) haven’t.
省略谓语动词一部分
省略主+谓的一部分
省略介词短语
省略谓语动词一部分

20. How to Prevent Burns in the Kitchen
Unattended cooking is the leading cause of kitchen fires. You should stay nearby at all times when food is being cooked. If a pan of oil catches fire, You should turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly. And never try to take the pan out of the kitchen, or you will get burned , even have the house on fire. You’d better not toss wet foods into deep-fat fryers or frying pans containing hot oil. The violent reaction between the fat and water will splatter(溅) hot oil.Meanwhile it is not right for you to allow children or pets to play in the area where you are cooking, because they may knock down the kettle. Besides, you can have serious consequences if you are wearing a housecoat with dangling sleeves, putting a teakettle on the stove, which can easily catch fire. When you are cooking, it would be advisable not to wear loose-fitting clothing, especially garments with wide, dangling sleeves.
Do stay nearby at all times when cooking.
Never take an burning oil pan out of the kitchen.
Don’t toss wet foods into deep-fat fryers or frying pans containing hot oil.
Never allow children or pets to play in the area where you are cooking
Wear tight-fitting sleeves when cooking .

21. Thank you

23. Where Ellipsis Ellipsis in noun phrases 名词短语
Ellipsis in infinitive phrases不定式短语
Ellipsis in compound sentences 并列句
Ellipsis in Complex sentences　复合句
Ellipsis in main clauses　主句
Ellipsis in adverbial clauses状语从句
Ellipsis in nominal clauses名词性从句
Ellipsis in attributive clauses　定语从句
---

24. 1.A. You can get burned by hot liquids and You can get burned by steam.
2.A. Burns are called first degree burns, second degree burns and third degree burns.
3.A. First degree burns are not serious and they should feel better within a day or two days
省略主+谓
B. You can get burned by hot liquids and by steam.
B. Burns are called first degree, second degree and third degree burns.
B. First degree burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.
省略名词短语中的中心词
省略名词短语中的中心词
省略主语

25. 5.A. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed. 省略主+谓
4.A. Second degree burns affect both the top layer of the skin and they affect the second layer of the skin.
5.A. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed.
B. Second degree burns affect both the top and the second layer of the skin.
B. First degree burns turn white when pressed.
省略主+谓
省略名词短语中的中心词
省略主+谓的一部分

26. Discovering useful words and expressions: Answer keys for Exercise 1:
Verb
Noun
Adjective
injure
injury
injured
poison
poisonous
burn
burnt
swell
swelling
swollen
damage
damaged
treat
treatment
treatable
wound
wounded
infect
infection
infected

27. Sentences in Ex. 3 are all correct, but some words have been left out
Sentences in Ex. 3 are all correct, but some words have been left out. Rewrite the sentences to include the missing words and check them with your partner.
The cottage which is surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government.
The first book that I read this term was more interesting than the second book that I read this term.
To her teacher’s surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than she was expected to do.

28. 4. I don’t think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have returned from the hospital.
5. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didn’t want to help the accident victim.
6. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to borrow my first aid notes.
The sentences in the question sound natural whereas the sentences which include all the missing words do not sound natural; they sound awkward.

29. Jack loves nature more than his wife.
Discussion (5m)
Sometimes sentences can be ambiguous because of ellipsis. Discuss the following sentences in groups of four and find out the two meanings in each sentence.
Jack loves nature more than his wife.
John understood himself better than Peter.
Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too.
I relied on you more than Roger.

30. Jack loves nature more than he loves his wife.
Jack loves nature more than his wife.
John understood himself better than Peter.
Jack loves nature more than he loves his wife.
Jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature.
John understood himself better than Peter understood John.
John understood himself better than Peter understood himself.

31. Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Max’s mother too.
3. Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too.
4. I relied on you more than Roger.
Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Max’s mother too.
Max phoned Max’s mother and Oscar phoned Oscar’s mother.
I relied on you more than Roger relied on you.
I relied on you more than I relied on Roger.

32. 高考链接
The house rent is expensive, I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _____ here.
A. as three times much B. as much three times
C. much as three times D. three times as much D
解析：答案D。修饰比较级的three times只能置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略。

33. 高考链接 2. What would have happened _______ , as far as the river bank?
A. Bob had walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther C
解析：答案C。what would have happened暗示后面，使用虚拟语气，且与过去事实相反；当if省略时，可将were/had/should提前，构成部分倒装；用if从句表达则是if Bob had walked farther 题意：如果鲍勃走得更远些，走到河岸边会发生什么事呢？

34. 高考链接
3. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained A
解析：答案A。explain作“解释”讲为及物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代词that或which被省略；why引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，相当于for which。

35. 高考链接
4. The disc, digitally _______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded A
解析：答案A。因the disc与record之间存在逻辑的被动关系，且动作发生在过去，须用过去分词作定语，相当于which was digitally recorded in the studio。

36. 高考链接 5. ________ be sent to work there? A A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should A
解析：答案A。本题结构为“疑问句+插入语+陈述句”do you suggest为插入语,suggest后宾语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式“（should）+动词原形” should可省略。

37. Choose the best answers.
1)----Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are
you doing your homework?
-----I am doing these exercises now so
that I won’t have _____ on Sunday.
A. it B. them C. for D. to

38. 2)----Shall I invite Ann to my birthday
party tomorrow evening?
----Yes. It’ll be fine if you______.
A. are B. can C. invite D. do
3)---- Aren’t you the manager?
---- No, and I______
A. don’t want to B. don’t want to be
C. don’t want be D. don’t want

39. 4)---I’ll be away on a business trip. Would
you mind looking after my cat?
---Not at all______.
A. I’ve no time B. I’d rather not
C. I’d like it D. I’d be glad to
5)---- Won’t you have another try?
---- ________.
A. Yes, I will have B. Yes, I won’t have
C. Yes, I won’t D. Yes, I will

40. 6)-----I won’t do it any more.
-----_______?
A. Why not
B. Why don’t do any more
C. Why not do
D. Why don’t

41. 7)----Do you think it will snow tomorrow?
----______?
A.I don’t think B. No, I don’t think
C. I don’t think so D. No, I don’t so
8)----Have you fed the cat?
----No, but______.
A. I’m B. I am
C. I’m just going D. I’m just going to

42. Homework
Make some sentences with ellipsis.