1. A presentation to Sub-Group – II
Stakeholders’ Centric Research in water sector – Research Needs to achieve
Sustainable Development Goals
A presentation to Sub-Group – II
DR. M.K. SINHA, Director, CWPRS

2. Service through Research
Central Water and Power Research Station
Research combines evidence and knowledge
– impacts nature, distribution, effecti-veness, efficiency and quality of public services.

3. Water - vital for development and economic growth
Improvement in water situation of a country determines the progress in human development and economic growth of a country.
-Shah and Kumar (2008)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) depends exponentially on Sustainable Water Use Index (SWUI)
GDP
SWUI
Human Development Index (HDI) depends on Sustainable Water Use Index (SWUI)
HDI
SWUI

4. Challenges of Water Resources Management
“There is a water crisis. It is a crisis of governance, and it is a crisis directly impacting life, livelihoods and well-being as these are experienced each day”
- United Nation’s World Water Development Report (2003)
“Anyone who can solve the problems of water will be worthy of two Nobel prizes—one for peace and one for science.” John F. Kennedy (1962)

5. Water - Concerns and strategies
Concern – increasing demand, growing water stress causes conflicts among citizens / societies:
As a result of over usage or diversion
Competition amongst different uses
Strategies
– Conservation
(Efficient Use, maximizing value, Reduction of water footprints, Repair, Renovation & Restoration of water bodies, etc.)
- Increasing utilizable water
(Rainwater harvesting, Artificial Recharge of Groundwater, more storages, integrated planning, etc.)
- Institutional reforms
(to ensure equity, effective regulation, Irrigation Departments to be made multi-disciplinary, etc.)

6. Water and Food Security - Concerns and strategies
Concerns – growing population, low productivity
1.7 billion (2050) people would need 450 MT cereal requiring 807 BCM water
Crop yield/Ha very low – 1 T/Ha (rainfed); 2.5 T/Ha (irrigated)
Country
Rice Productivity
(Kg/Ha)
NPK Consumption (Rice) (Kg/Ha)
Irrigation Water Withdrawal
(BCM/Yr/MHa)
India
2178
160.7
3.48
Bangladesh
4203
129.3
3.36
Pakistan
3581
111.7
6.75
Indonesia
4999
108.6
3.27
Myanmar
4085
5.4
1.90
Vietnam
5237
203.4
9.87
Source: EXIM Bank: Enhancing Crop productivity in Indian Agriculture

7. Water and Food Security - Concerns and strategies
Over-exploitation of groundwater, deterioration of soil & water quality
Strategies – - Increasing irrigated area
(AIBP, CADWM, reducing gap between
Irrigation potential created and utilized)
- Increasing water use efficiency
(micro-irrigation, irrigation scheduling,
improving infrastructure, better seeds)
- Reducing dependence on groundwater
(rationalizing electricity tariff, dedicated feeder for agricultural purposes, etc.)
- Improving soil moisture in rainfed areas
(Integrated watershed management, etc.)

8. NATIONAL WATER POLICY (2012)
Integrated Water Resources Development & Management to fulfill the need of water for living, ecology and growth
Demand Management
- Efficient use, Recycle/Reuse/Reduce
Social Equity
- Community participation,
Empowerment of WUAs
Climate Change
- Impact Assessment, Adaptation Strategies
Governance Reforms
- Framework Law, Basin Management
Policy Reforms
- Water as Community Resource, Centre for Policy Research
NATIONAL WATER POLICY (2012)
– A VISION DOCUMENT

9. Sustainable Development Goals
A set of 17 goals for the world’s future, through 2030, with a set of 169 detailed Targets
Negotiated over a two-year period at the United Nations
Agreed to by nearly all the world’s nations, on 25 Sept 2015
Characterized by Universality, Integration and Transformation
#6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for all

10. Sustainable Development Goals No. 6 – Target for 2030
6.1 Universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water
6.2 Adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene; end open defecation
6.3 Improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing hazardous chemicals and materials
6.4 Substantially increase water-use efficiency across all sectors
6.5 Implement integrated water resources management at all levels
6.6 Protect and restore water-related ecosystems,
6.a Expand international cooperation and capacity-building
6.bSupport and strengthen the participation of local communities

12. Areas of People’s Centric Research in Water
CREED – a system of principles
Conservation
Reduce, Recycle and Reuse
Efficiency
Equitable
Distribution

13. THANK YOU