1. USH Ch 2 The New Republic The Declaration of Independence
Explain to the world why we are rebelling
The Constitution
Our framework for government
Bill of Rights
First ten amendments

2. First President George Washington (1789-1797) Served two terms
America’s “father figure”
Warned against:
Political parties and sectionalism
Becoming entangled in European politics

3. Second President / Third President
John Adams (1797 – 1801)
Unpopular
Avoids potential war with France
Thomas Jefferson (1801 – 1809)
Wanted limited government
Louisiana Purchase

4. Fourth President James Madison (1809 – 1817) War of 1812
U.S. v England
Fought primarily around Great Lakes region
Ends in a tie

5. The Growth of a Nation Fifth President: James Monroe (1817 – 1825)
“Era of Good Feelings”
“Economic Nationalism”
Strengthen American financial system
Protect manufacturers
Improve transportation system

6. Judicial Nationalism
Judicial Branch (The Supreme Court) becomes very active
John Marshall: U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice
McCullough v Maryland
If State and Federal government laws conflict, Federal law wins
Gibbons v Ogden
Control of interstate commerce (trade between states) was in the hands of the federal government

7. The Monroe Doctrine
1823
Europe: stay out of North, Central, and South America

8. A Growing Nation Transportation Revolution The National Road
The steamboat
Railroads

9. A Growing Nation Industrialization The Industrial Revolution
Began in England middle 1700s
Spread to U.S.
Begins in Northeast
Why it succeeded:
Independence
“free enterprise” system
Low taxes
Creation of interchangeable parts

10. A Growing Nation Immigration 5 million between 1815 – 1860
Many were farmers
Many moved to cities, provided cheap labor

11. The Resurgence of Sectionalism
The Missouri Compromise
Missouri applies for statehood
Should it be a Slave or Free state?
Should slavery expand westward?
Compromise:
Admit Maine as Free State
Admit Missouri as Slave State

13. Sixth and Seventh Presidents
John Quincy Adams ( )
Andrew Jackson (1829 – 1837)
Nullification Crisis
Indian removal

14. The Nullification Crisis
South Carolina threatens to secede (leave) the Union
Why? Over taxes imposed by the federal government

15. Native American Removal
Native Removal Act (1830)
Settled many tribes west of Mississippi River

16. Eighth President Martin Van Buren (1837 – 1841) “Trail of Tears
economic crisis
Panic of 1837

17. Social Reform The Second Great Awakening Religious revival
The ideas of The Enlightenment were challenging religion
Society is reformed through each individual
“temperance”
Moderation of consumption of alcohol

18. The Women’s Movement Women and men are equal
Women provide moral examples
Seneca Falls Declaration
Equal opportunity in education
Suffrage (vote)

19. The Abolition Movement
End slavery
American Colonization Society
Re-settle slaves in Africa

20. Manifest Destiny The nation was meant to spread to the Pacific
Mexican-American War
U.S. takes Southwest

21. Tension “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” Kansas-Nebraska Act “Bleeding Kansas”
Book opened many eyes to reality of slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Any new states in West would decide slavery issue with “popular sovereignty”
People would decide on their own
“Bleeding Kansas”
Free and slave state citizens go to new state of Kansas
Dred Scott v Sandford
African-Americans cannot sue in court, they are not citizens

22. Ch 2 Essential Questions
What steps did the U.S. take to establish a stable and lasting national government?
How did Nationalism affect the development of the U.S.?
How did the Missouri Compromise try to deal with growing sectionalism?
Why did westward expansion make sectional tensions worse?