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The Civil War – An Overview
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The Confederacy President – Jefferson Davis
Vice President – Alexander Stevens Capital – Richmond, Virginia
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Jefferson Davis
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Confederate Nicknames
Confederates Rebels Secessionists Southerners Graycoats Johnny Rebs
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Confederate Generals Robert E. Lee Pierre Beauregard J.E.B. Stuart
George Pickett “Stonewall” Jackson Albert Sidney Johnston Gen. Longstreet John Bell Hood
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Robert E. Lee
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Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
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James Ewell Brown (J.E.B.) Stuart
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George Pickett
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Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson
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Albert Sidney Johnston
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James Longstreet
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John Bell Hood
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Confederate Advantages
Strong support of the white population Fighting on familiar territory Defending their land, homes, and way of life Superior military leadership
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Confederate Disadvantages
Smaller population Very few factories Few railroad tracks Belief in states’ rights Weak leadership of Jefferson Davis
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Confederate Strategies
Defend their home territory Trade cotton to Britain and France in exchange for war materials Try to make the North tired of fighting so they will grant Southern independence.
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The United States President – Abraham Lincoln Capital – Washington, D.C. (100 miles from Richmond, Virginia)
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Abraham Lincoln
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Union Nicknames Union Federals Yankees Northerners Bluecoats
Billy Yanks
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Union Generals Ambrose Burnside Joseph Hooker George Meade
William Tecumseh Sherman Ulysses S. Grant Irvin McDowell George McClellan Phillip Sheridan David Farragut John Pope
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Ulysses S. Grant
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George McClellan
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Phillip Sheridan
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David Farragut
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Ambrose Burnside
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Joseph “Fightin’ Joe” Hooker
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George Meade
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William Tecumseh Sherman
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Union Advantages Larger population Lots of industry
Better banking system Large navy Large, efficient railroad network Leadership of Abraham Lincoln
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Union Disadvantages Had to invade the South Hostility of Southerners
Fighting on unfamiliar territory Poor generals at beginning of the war
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Union Strategy – The Anaconda Plan
Naval blockade of Southern ports to prevent supplies from reaching the South Control the Mississippi River to prevent supplies from Texas and Mexico from entering the South Split the South in half; divide and conquer Capture Richmond, Virginia (Confederate capital) Total war
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